14th-century establishments in North America

Xalapa or Jalapa (, ), officially Xalapa-Enríquez (), is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz and the name of the surrounding municipality. In 2020 census the city reported a population of 443,063 and the municipality of which it serves as municipal seat reported a population of 488,531. The municipality has an area of 118.45 km2. Xalapa lies near the geographic center of the state and is the second-largest city in the state after the city of Veracruz to the southeast.

Pátzcuaro () is a city and municipality located in the state of Michoacán, Mexico. The town was founded sometime in the 1320s, at first becoming the capital of the Purépecha Empire and later its ceremonial center. After the Spanish took over, Vasco de Quiroga worked to make Pátzcuaro the capital of the New Spain province of Michoacán, but after his death, the capital would be moved to nearby Valladolid (today Morelia). Pátzcuaro has retained its colonial and indigenous character since then, and it has been named one of the 111 "Pueblos Mágicos" by the government of Mexico. Pátzcuaro, and the l

state in present-day central Mexico (c. 1300-1530)

pre-Columban city (altepetl) in Mexico

Guiengola is a Late Postclassic (14th–early 16th centuries CE) Zapotec archaeological site located near Santo Domingo Tehuantepec in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. The site occupies a strategically elevated landscape overlooking the Tehuantepec River system and is widely known in historical accounts as a fortified settlement associated with conflict between the Zapotec and Mexica polities during the decades preceding Spanish colonization.