16th-century women rulers

Queen consort of Denmark and Norway

16th-century Moroccan ruler of Tétouan and privateer

Queen Consort of Aragon and Infanta of Navarre

Regent of the Kazan Khanate (1516-1557)

Margravine consort of Baden-Rodemachern (1540-1627)

Archduchess of Austria (1465-1520)

queen; Korean queen (1501 - 1565)

16th-century Italian noblewoman

Regent of the Republic of Firenze (1472-1520)

Italian poet and stateswoman

Twin sister of Charles, Duke of Guelders; Duchess consort of Lorraine

Russian empress

Queen Mandukhai (; , ), also fully known as Wise Queen Mandukhai (; – 1510), was a queen of the Northern Yuan. With her second husband Batmunkh Dayan Khan, she helped reunite the warring Mongols.

Duchess of Urbino (1493–1550)

or , also known as , was a Japanese historical figure in the late Sengoku period. She was the concubine and the second wife of Japanese ruler Toyotomi Hideyoshi. As the mother of his son and successor Hideyori, she acted as Hideyori's guardian in the restoration of the Toyotomi clan after the fall of the Council of Five Elders, and alongside her son, led the last anti-Tokugawa shogunate resistance in the siege of Osaka.

Japanese samurai (1569-1602)

Duchess of Jülich and Berg (1467–1524)

Legendary female samurai (Onna-musha). Daughter of Ōhōri Yasumochi, a head priest of Ōyamazumi Shrine

Onamihime (阿南姫, July 4, 1541 – August 30, 1602) was a late-Sengoku period Onna-musha. She was the first daughter of Date Harumune, sister of Date Terumune and aunt of Date Masamune. She was the ruler of Sukagawa castle in Mutsu Province. She was best known for being a potential enemy of her nephew, Masamune, participating in several campaigns against expansion of the Date clan in the region of Ōshū.

Spanish royalty and military leader

Marchioness of Saluzzo (1473-1536)

queen; Korean royal consort

Queen Rangita (died 1530), also known as Rangitamanjakatrimovavy, was a Vazimba sovereign who ruled at Merimanjaka in the central highlands of Madagascar after her father, King Andriampandramanenitra (Rafandramanenitra). She was succeeded upon her death by her daughter (some sources say her adopted sister), Queen Rafohy (1530-1540).

Last ruler of Jever from the Wiemken dynasty (1500-1575)

Ajiun Orompotoniyun, better known as Orompoto (also spelled Oronpoto) was an Alaafin of the Oyo Empire in West Africa, the first female Alaafin to be precise. The empire of which she ruled is located in what is modern day western and north-central Nigeria.

Indonesian queen

Mexican princess

Silesian princess of the house Münsterberg, by marriage, Duchess of Anhalt (1473-1530)

Italian noblewoman (1556-1613)

16th-century Female Samurai

thumb|220px|Memorial Monument to Gaitana in Neiva, Colombia

Italian aristocrat, daughter of Enrico d'Aragona; lived 1477–1510

16th-century French noblewoman

Spanish noble

Moldavian princess consort, Serbian despina

thumbnail|Example of tiputa (shirt), similar to the one worn by Nafanua during the wars Nafanua was a historical aliʻi (Paramount Chief/Queen) and toa (warrior) of Samoa from the Sā Tonumaipeʻa clan, who took the four pāpā (district) titles, the leading aliʻi titles of Samoa. After her death she became a goddess in Polynesian religion.

Italian noble

imperial abbess of the Fraumünster abbey in Zurich, Switzerland (1478-1547)

Gawharshat of Kazan (also Gauharshad) (before 1479 – after 1546 CE), was a Kazan princess. She was the regent of the Kazan Khanate between 1531 and 1533 during the minority of her son, Canghali of Kazan.

Venetian noble

Princess consort of Moldavia

6th Kōga Kubō (Kantō Kubō Shogun)

Count of Guastalla (1500-1569)

Japanese Samurai woman

Italian noble

Jukei-ni (寿桂尼, 1490 - 11 April 1568) was a Japanese noble lady who acted as the power behind the throne or de facto daimyo of the Imagawa clan during the Sengoku period. She was born in the aristocrat Nakamikado Family of Kyoto. Jukei-ni was the wife of Imagawa Ujichika and mother of Imagawa Ujiteru, Imagawa Yoshimoto and Zukei-ni. She acted as guardian and advisor for Ujichika, Ujiteru, Yoshimoto and her grandson Imagawa Ujizane. Jukei-ni is also known as Onna Daimyo and "Amamidai", once proclaimed that she would "protect Imagawa to her grave".