17th-century engravings

250px|thumb|The Mice Are Burying the Cat, a 1760s lubok print, has been commonly thought to be a caricature of Peter the Great's burial, authored by his opponents. The caption above the cat reads: "The Cat of Kazan, the Mind of Astrakhan, the Wisdom of Siberia" (a parody of the title of Russian tsars). Modern researchers have said that this is a representation of carnivalesque inversion, "turning the world upside down".

literary work

print by Martin Droeshout