3rd-century establishments in the Roman Empire

Serfdom was a condition of debt bondage and indentured servitude with similarities to and differences from slavery. It developed during late antiquity and the Early Middle Ages in Europe and lasted in some countries until the mid-19th century and became the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism and similar systems.

an ancient synagogue uncovered at Dura-Europos, Syria, in 1932. The last phase of construction was dated by an Aramaic inscription to 244 AD, making it one of the oldest synagogues in the world

Late Roman military unit

Roman amphitheatre in Rome, Italy

Israeli national park and archaeological site

A villein is a class of serf tied to the land under the feudal system. As part of the contract with the lord of the manor, they were expected to spend some of their time working on the lord's fields in return for land. Villeins existed under a number of legal restrictions that differentiated them from freemen, and could not leave without his lord's permission. Generally, villeins held their status not by birth but by the land they held, and it was also possible for them to gain manumission from their lords. The villeinage system largely died out in England in 1500, with some forms of villeinag

imperial guard, Roman social class and military rank of the Later Roman Empire

short-lived 3rd-century Roman imperial dynasty

archaeological site in Israel

ancient Roman temple of Dougga

ancient village in Israel

Chorazin ( ; also Chorazain) or Korazim () was an ancient village in the Roman and Byzantine periods, best known from the Christian Gospels. It stood on the Korazim Plateau in the Upper Galilee on a hill above the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee, from Capernaum in what is now the territory of modern Israel.