6th-century BC monarchs in Asia

Croesus ( ; ) was the last king of Lydia from 561 BC to 547 BC. He ruled Lydia until his defeat at the siege of Sardis by the Persian king Cyrus the Great.

thumb|Tomyris and the Head of Cyrus, Frankenthal porcelain, c. 1773 thumb|Queen Tomyris learns that her son Spargapises has been taken alive by Cyrus, by Jan Moy (1535–1550). upright=1.3|thumb|Tomyris Plunges the Head of the Dead Cyrus Into a Vessel of Blood by Rubens

Astyages was the last king of the Median kingdom, reigning from 585 to 550 BCE. The son of Cyaxares, he was dethroned by the Persian king Cyrus the Great.

Cyaxares was the third king of the Medes. He ascended to the throne in 625 BC, after his father Phraortes lost his life in a battle against the Assyrians, probably Ashurbanipal. Assyrian allies, the Scythians then ruled Media for 28 years before Cyaxeres overthrew Scythian domination and became king.

The third king of the Achaemenid kingdom (625–580 BC)

Alyattes (Lydian language: ; ; reigned c. 618 – c. 561 BC), sometimes described as Alyattes I, was the fourth king of the Mermnad dynasty in Lydia, the son of Sadyattes, grandson of Ardys, and great-grandson of Gyges. He died after a reign of 57 years and was succeeded by his son Croesus.

Ariaramnes (Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎼𐎶𐎴 Ariyāramna; "peace of the Arya") was a great-uncle of Cyrus the Great and the great-grandfather of Darius I, and perhaps the king of Parsa, the ancient core kingdom of Persia. __NOTOC__ Ariaramnes was most likely the brother of Cyrus I of Anshan and son of Teispes, but this is not certain. In any case, he was a member of the Achaemenid House. As supported by the relief at Behistun he was the first king of a separate Achaemenid branch that ran parallel to the reigns of Cyrus I and his son Cambyses I. As the great-grandfather of Darius the Great, this li

Sadyattes (; ; reigned 630–) was the third king of the Mermnad dynasty in Lydia, the son of Ardys and the grandson of Gyges of Lydia. Sadyattes reigned 12 years according to Herodotus.

king of Babylon

King of Urartu, 590 BC-585 BC

King of Urartu

Skunkha (Old Persian: ), was king of the Massagetae| ("Saka who wear pointed caps"), a group of the Saka, in the 6th century BC.

thumb|Three of the Bodashtart inscriptions, currently on display at the [[Louvre|alt=An image of symbols etched on three block of stones.]]

tyrant of Achaemenid Caria from c.520 to 484 BCE

Tabnit (Phoenician: 𐤕𐤁𐤍𐤕 TBNT) was the Phoenician King of Sidon 549–539 BC. He was the father of King Eshmunazar II.

King of the Medes

thumb|upright|Behistun relief of Tritantaechmes. Label "This is Tritantaechmes. He lied, saying "I am king of Sagartia, from the family of Cyaxares."" Tritantaechmes (, Elamite: Ṣi-iš-šá-an-tak-ma, Babylonian: Ši-it-ra-an-taḫ-ma) was a king of the Sagartians, who ruled in Arbela (521 BCE). He claimed to be a descendant of the king Cyaxares of Media.

Isuzuyori-hime () was the legendary empress consort of Japan as the wife of Emperor Suizei, the second legendary emperor of Japan. She was the mother of Emperor Annei. According to historical records, she is regarded as the ancestor goddess of the Masters of Shiki.

Phoenician king of Sidon

Phoenician king of Sidon

Amoashtart ( *ʾAmīʿaštārt, "my mother is Astarte") was a Phoenician queen of Sidon during the Persian period. She was the daughter of Eshmunazar I, and the wife of her brother, Tabnit. When Tabnit died, Amoashtart became co-regent to her then-infant son, Eshmunazar II, but after the boy died "in his fourteenth year", she was succeeded by her nephew Bodashtart, possibly in a palace coup. Modern historians have characterized her as an "energetic, responsible [woman], and endowed with immense political acumen, [who] exercised royal functions for many years".

thumb|264x264px| Phoenician alphabet|Phoenician Bodashtart inscription, known as "Contenau I" inscription, found on the [[Temple of Eshmun's podium. Bustan el-Sheikh, Sidon, 6th century BC. The inscription was published in 1920 and left in situ at the Temple of Eshmun. |alt=Phoenician writing from right to left. First line reads: Mēm Lāmedh Kaph Bēth Dāleth ʼAyin Šin Tāw Rēš Tāw Nun Bēth Nun ṣādē Dāleth Qōph Yōdh Tāw Nun Mēm Lāmedh Kaph Mēm Lāmedh Kaph ṣādē Dāleth Nun Mēm. Second line reads: Bēth Nun Bēth Nun Mēm Lāmedh Kaph ʼĀleph Šin Mēm Nun ʼAyin Zayin Rēš Mēm Lāmedh Kaph ṣādē Dāleth Nun Mē