Ancient cities of the Middle East

Bayburt is a city in northeast Turkey lying on the Çoruh River. It is the seat of Bayburt Province and Bayburt District. Its population is 48,036 (2021).

Al-Hira ( Middle Persian: Hērt ) was an ancient city and a major metropolis located in Mesopotamia, in what is now south-central Iraq. It was the capital city of the Lakhmid kingdom, the major Arab client kingdom of the Sasanian Empire in pre-Islamic times, between the fourth and the seventh centuries. In Islamic times, it remained inhabited until the tenth century.

archaeological site in Kashan, Iranian national heritage site

former Latin name for South Arabia and Yemen

city

'''Al-Mada'in' (, ; Māḥozā''; ) was an ancient metropolis situated on the Tigris in what is now Iraq. It was located between the ancient royal centers of Ctesiphon and Seleucia, and was founded by the Sasanian Empire. The city's name was used by Arabs as a synonym for the Sasanian capital of Ctesiphon, in a tradition that continued after the Arab conquest of Iran.

thumbnail|Kingdom of Gerrha in 100 BC. thumb|Gerrha and its neighbors in AD 1.Gerrha () was an ancient and renowned city within Eastern Arabia, on the west side of the Persian Gulf. Known from Greek sources, it has been identified with a few candidate archaeological sites in Eastern Arabia, with the main candidates being Hagar (modern-day Hofuf) and Thaj.

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archaeological site in Iraq

Abarsal was a city-state of Mesopotamia in the area of the Euphrates. The city was contested by the greater powers of Mari and Ebla in the Early Bronze Age. Its location is unknown.

human settlements

Bechamoun (), is a town near Beirut in the Mount Lebanon Governorate of Lebanon. It has an area about 6.6 square kilometres and elevation between 60 and 580 metres above sea level. It lies 8 kilometres from Beirut’s airport and central Beirut. The town has a population of greater than 80000.

Yenoam or Yanoam () is a place in ancient Canaan, or in Syria, known from ancient Egyptian regnal sources from the time of Thutmose III to Ramesses III. One such source is a stela of Seti I found in Beit She'an. Another is the Merneptah Stele.

Al-Okhdood () or Al-Okhdood Archaeological Site, is an ancient South Arabian town located in Najran Province in Saudi Arabia, southeast of the present-day city of Najran. Currently in ruins, the town dates back to at least 500 BCE and was formerly a hub for trading and commercial purposes. It is also famous for being the location where the Himyarite king Dhu Nuwas massacred the majority of the population of the city which had converted to Christianity from South Arabian polytheism.

archaeological site in modern Syria discovered in 1986 to have Hellenistic remains

place in Hadhramaut, Yemen

Thāj () is an archaeological site and ancient town located west of Jubail in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, located approximately 95 km from the coast of the Arabian Gulf. It is associated with the Hellenistic era. Many artifacts including pottery and jewellery have been discovered at Thāj, some of which are currently held in the British Museum. The site is noted for its potential identification with the lost ancient city of Gerrha.

historical part of the Israeli city of Jaffa

Qarnāwu (Old South Arabian: 𐩤𐩧𐩬𐩥, , reconstructed Qarnāwu, Ancient Greek Κάρνα Kárna) is the name of an ancient city situated in present day Jawf in the north of Yemen, near the modern city of Ma'īn (Arabic معين).