Anti-imperialism in South America

Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías was a Venezuelan politician, revolutionary, and military officer who was the president of Venezuela from 1999 until his death in 2013. Chávez was also leader of the Fifth Republic Movement political party from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when it merged with several other parties to form the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), which he led until his death.

Venezuelan statesman and military officer (1783–1830)

President of Ecuador (2007 - 2017) y Prófugo de la Justicia

Nicolás Maduro Moros is a Venezuelan politician and former union leader who became President of Venezuela in 2013. On 3 January 2026, US forces captured Maduro and his wife, Cilia Flores; they were transported to the US and charged with drug trafficking to which they pleaded not guilty. Although he was de facto removed from power, according to the Venezuelan government and interim president Delcy Rodríguez, he is still the de jure president of Venezuela. Prior to his presidency, he served as the vice president of Venezuela under President Hugo Chávez from 2012 to 2013 and as minister of foreign affairs from 2006 to 2012.

president of Bolivia from 2006 to 2019

Argentine actress and politician (1919–1952)

president of Argentina (1946–55, 1973–74)

thumb|Argentine president Juan Perón and first lady [[Eva Perón have been the central figures in the Justicialist Party.]] thumb|(Clockwise from the top left) Symbols associated with Peronism: Peronist Party emblem, the federal star, the "Perón vuelve" (Perón returns) sign, and the "V" hand sign.

Chilean politician and President (1840-1891)

thumb|Portrait of Hugo Chávez, Simón Bolívar, and Nicolás Maduro Bolivarianism is a mix of panhispanic, left-leaning and nationalist-patriotic ideals named after Simón Bolívar, the 19th-century Venezuelan general and liberator from the Spanish monarchy then in abeyance, who led the struggle for independence throughout much of South America.

conference of leftist socialist political parties and other organizations from Latin America and the Caribbean

political party in Brazil

group considered a terrorist organization by the Paraguayan state

The ethnocacerist movement (, also sometimes referred to as the or "Peruvian Nationalist Movement") is a Peruvian ethnic nationalist movement that espouses an ideology called ethnocacerism (). The movement seeks to establish a dictatorship of the proletariat led by the country's Indigenous communities and their descendants. It draws on the ideas and history of several Indigenous and anti-colonial movements, including those of Juan Velasco Alvarado, Evo Morales, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Muammar Gaddafi, and Che Guevara. Ethnocacerism is considered an Indigenist ideology and is currently represented

Katarism () is a political movement in Bolivia, named after the 18th-century indigenous leader Túpac Katari.

2006 Chávez speech at the United Nations

political meeting in Cuba