Early Jurassic synapsids of Africa

Erythrotherium (meaning "red beast") is an extinct genus of basal mammaliaforms from the Lower Jurassic of South Africa. It is related to Morganucodon. Only one species is recorded, Erythrotherium parringtoni.

Pachygenelus is a genus of extinct cynodont. Fossils have been found from the Karoo basin in South Africa and date back to the Early Jurassic.

Diarthrognathus ("Two joint jaw") is an extinct genus of tritheledontid cynodonts, known from fossil evidence found in South Africa and first described in 1958 by A.W. Crompton. The creature lived during the Early Jurassic period, about 200 million years ago. It was carnivorous and small, slightly smaller than Thrinaxodon, which was under long.

Tritylodon (from the Greek for "three-cusped tooth") is an extinct genus of tritylodonts, one of the most advanced group of cynodont therapsids. They lived in the Early Jurassic and possibly Late Triassic periods along with dinosaurs. They also shared many characteristics with mammals, and were once considered mammals because of overall skeleton construction. That was changed due to them retaining the vestigial amniote jawbones and a different skull structure. Tritylodonts are now regarded as non-mammalian synapsids.

Tritheledon is an extinct genus of cynodonts that lived during the Lower Jurassic. Fossils were found in the Elliot Formation, South Africa. Like all cynodonts, it had many traits shared by mammals. Tritheledonts were probably insectivores, and nocturnal animals.