Ferdinand VII

King of Spain (1784–1833) (r. 1808; 1813–1833)

the first Constitution of Spain

French loyalist army in the Expedition of Spain

Reform of Spanish royal succession law

peace treaty

period in the history of Spain, corresponding to the second restoration of absolutism at the end of the reign of Fernando VII from August 31, 1823 to September 29, 1833

1808 relinquishing of the Spanish throne to Napoleon

Latin American and European supporters of the various governing bodies of the Spanish Monarchy, during the Spanish American wars of independence (1808 to 1833)

from 1814 to 1833

short period in Spanish history

civil war in Spain during the Trienio Liberal