Göktürks

Kashgar or Qeshqer () or Kashi () is a city in the Tarim Basin region of southern Xinjiang, China. It is one of the westernmost cities of China, located near the country's border with Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. For over 2,000 years, Kashgar has been a strategically important oasis on the Silk Road linking China with Central Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and has a population of 711,300 people (). Kashgar's urban area covers , although its administrative area extends over .

The Göktürks (; ), also known as Türks, Celestial Turks or Blue Turks, were a Turkic people in medieval Inner Asia. The Göktürks, under the leadership of Bumin Qaghan (d. 552) and his sons, succeeded the Rouran Khaganate as the main power in the region and established the First Turkic Khaganate, one of several nomadic dynasties that would shape the future geolocation, culture, and dominant beliefs of Turkic peoples.

khaganate established by the Ashina clan of the Göktürks in medieval Inner Asia

earliest attested form of Turkic, found in Göktürk and Uyghur inscriptions dating from about the 7th century to the 13th century

writing system

valley

former empire in the 6th and 7th centuries

Turkic state that ruled in the 7th and 8th centuries

The Türgesh or Türgish (; ; Old Tibetan: Du-rgyas) were a Turkic tribal confederation. Once belonging to the Duolu wing of the Western Turkic On Oq elites, Türgeshes emerged as an independent power after the demise of the Western Turks and established a khaganate in 699. The Türgesh Khaganate lasted until 766 when the Karluks defeated them. Türgesh and Göktürks were related through marriage.

thumb|Namık İsmail's proposed coat of arms of [[Turkey, bearing the wolf Asena]] Asena is the name of a she-wolf associated with the Göktürks' foundation myth. According to the myth, the ancestress of the Göktürks was a she-wolf, mentioned, yet unnamed in two different "Wolf Tales". The legend of Asena tells of a young boy who survived a battle; a female wolf finds the injured child and nurses him back to health. The she-wolf, impregnated by the boy, escapes her enemies by crossing the Western Sea to a cave near the Qocho mountains and a city of the Tocharians, giving birth to ten half-wolf, h

The Xueyantuo or Sir Tardush were an ancient Turkic tribe from the Tiele confederation and a khaganate in Northeast Asia who were at one point vassals of the Göktürks, later aligning with the Tang dynasty against the Eastern Turkic Khaganate.

Ötüken or Otuken ( or , , 'land of Ötüken'; ; ) was the capital of the First Turkic Khaganate, the Second Turkic Khaganate and the Uyghur Khaganate. It has an important place in Turkic mythology and Tengrism.

language

founding myth of Turkic and Mongolic peoples

Turkish mythological symbol

period in Chinese history

Sui Dynasty empress

Chinese agrarian leader and general (died 628)

Sui princess, daughter of Yang Xie and sister of Yang Shanjing, married Yami Khagan and later his sons

ancient tomb in Töv Province, Mongolia