History of Scandinavia

thumb|Depiction of Vikings sailing a longship from thumb|A Viking Age depiction from the [[Tjängvide image stone, on Gotland]]

1200s–1669 trade confederation in Northern Europe

former country. personal union of the three kingdoms of Denmark, Sweden and Norway (1397–1523)

the period of European history characterised by Viking raids and trading

personal union between Sweden and Norway 1814–1905

right|thumb|upright|The Lingsberg Runestone, Sweden, known as U 240 right|thumb|upright|An early runestone: the Möjbro Runestone from Hagby (first placed near Möjebro), [[Uppland, Sweden. As with other early runic inscriptions, (e.g. Kylver Stone from about 300–400 CE) this is written from right to left, while later Runestones were written from left to right. The text is "Frawaradaz anahaha is laginaz".]]

map

war fought between Sweden and Norway

aspect of history

personal union of the kingdoms of England, Denmark and Norway (1013–1042) ruled by Sweyn Forkbeard, Cnut the Great and Harthacnut

type of megalithic monument

thumb|upright=1.2|Bjarmaland (Biarmia) as illustrated in the Carta marina (1539) by [[Olaus Magnus]]

geographic division formerly used in certain countries

ornate slab of stone from ancient Northern Europe

spread of Christianity in Scandinavia between the 8th and the 12th centuries

war

ruling royal house in Middle Age Scandinavia and England

genre of saga

the dissolution of the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway

Kvenland, known in medieval sources by various names including Cwenland, Qwenland, and Kænland, is an ancient region in northern Scandinavia. Kvenland and the ethnonym Kven are only mentioned in a small number of historical accounts and remain a subject of scholarly debate. Kvenland was located somewhere east of Scandinavian Mountains, and is often suggested to have been located at the Bothnian Bay in northern parts of present-day Sweden and Finland.

thumb|Ekers socken in Närke on a map of Örebro hundred

archaeological complex on two islands in Sweden, World Heritage Site

nordic post-WW2 project discontinued by the USSR

1906 four-masted barque

thumb|right|This published Cyprianus from 1916 calls itself a "dream and fortunetelling book", and it also promises an astrology|astrological [[almanac from Tycho Brahe.]] Cyprianus is a name given in Scandinavian traditions of folk magic to the "black book" ("Svarteboken"): a grimoire or manuscript collection of spells; and by extension to the magical tradition that these spells form a part of. There is no standard text called "Cyprianus"; it was a general label given to a collection of spells.

aspect of history

overview of runestone design

Iron Age burial site in Scandinavia

historical period in Scandinavia

parish in Sweden