Horn of Africa

seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean

land projection in East Africa in the Punt peninsula

geographic and cultural region; collective term for the Arabic-speaking countries of Asia and Africa, or of Asia only

area in East Africa where ethnic Somalis mostly live

Havilah () refers to both a land and people in several books of the Bible; one is mentioned in Genesis 2:10–11, while the other is mentioned in the Generations of Noah (Genesis 10:7).

Abyssinia (; also known as Abyssinie, Abissinia, Habessinien, or Al-Habash) was an ancient region in the Horn of Africa situated in the northern highlands of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea. The term was widely used as an official international synonym for Ethiopia until the mid-20th century and primarily designates the Ethio-Semitic speaking inhabitants of the highlands of Ethiopia and Eritrea.

ancient Muslim state centred in Harar

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