Impact geology

circular depression in a solid astronomical body formed by the impact of a smaller object

Vaalbara is a hypothetical Archean supercontinent consisting of the Kaapvaal craton (in present-day eastern South Africa) and the Pilbara Craton (in present-day north-western Western Australia). E. S. Cheney derived the name from the last four letters of each craton's name. The two cratons consist of continental crust dating from 3.6 to 2.7 Ga; this timing would make Vaalbara one of Earth's earliest supercontinents.

geological signature, usually a thin band of rock, marking the transition from the end of the Cretaceous Period and the beginning of the Paleogene Period, dated with radiometric methods, at the age of 66.043 ± 0.011 Ma

geological feature

form of the mineral quartz, found in nuclear test sites and meteor impact zones

crater-like geologic structure caused by impact on a planetary surface, after erosion

Database of impact structures on Earth

inner edge of an impact crater that often extends above the local surface

large impact crater morphology with uplifted centres

describes the effects of shock-wave related deformation and heating during impact events

microscopic features of silicate grains

crater containing multiple concentric topographic rings