Limited intelligence

thumb|The Ass in the School – engraving after Pieter Breughel the Elder, 1556Caption: Al rijst den esele ter scholen om leeren, ist eenen esele hij en zal gheen peert weder keeren. ("Even if the Ass travels to school to learn, as a horse he will not return.")

thumb|right|Stultitia by Giotto—from his [[fresco of seven virtues and their opposite vices in the Scrovegni Chapel. Stultitia (folly) was shown as the opposite of Prudentia (prudence).]] Foolishness is the inability or failure to act following reason due to lack of judgment, stupidity, stubbornness, etc. The things such as impulsivity and/or influences may affect a person's ability to make reasonable decisions. Other reasons of apparent foolishness include naivety, gullibility, and credulity. Foolishness differs from stupidity, which is the lack of intelligence. An act of foolishness is calle

theory that the price of an object is determined by consumer demand