Medieval history of Norway

thumb|Recreated Norsemen|Norse long house, [[L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The site was listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1978.]] Vinland, Vineland, or Winland () was an area of coastal North America explored by Vikings. Leif Erikson landed there around 1000 AD, nearly five centuries before the voyages of Christopher Columbus and John Cabot. The name appears in the Vinland sagas and describes a land beyond Greenland, Helluland, and Markland. Much of the geographical content of the sagas corresponds to present-day knowledge of transatlantic travel and No

thumb | right | alt=Drawing of Jarl Haakon Sigurdsson, made by: Christian Krohg (C.E.1852-1925). | Drawing of Jarl Haakon Sigurdsson, made by Christian Krohg (C.E.1852-1925). Jarl () was a rank of the nobility in Scandinavia during the Viking Age and Early Middle Ages. The institution evolved over time and varied by region. In Old Norse, it meant "chieftain", specifically one appointed to rule a territory in a king's stead. It could also denote a sovereign prince. For example: During the Viking age the rulers of several of the petty kingdoms of Norway held the title of jarl, often wielding no

former Kingdom from 872 to 1397

thumb|upright=1.2|Bjarmaland (Biarmia) as illustrated in the Carta marina (1539) by [[Olaus Magnus]]

coastal area in Murmansk Oblast in northwest Russia

Lendmann (plural lendmenn; ) was a title in medieval Norway. A lendmann had the highest rank attainable in the royal hird, that is, the secular aristocracy, standing beneath earls and dukes only. In the 13th century, there were between ten and twenty lendmenn at any one time. A lendmann was similar to the medieval English baron, itself corresponding to a modern count.

Nidaros, Niðarós or Niðaróss () was the medieval name of Trondheim when it was the capital of Norway's first Christian kings. It was named for its position at the mouth (Old Norse: óss) of the River Nid (the present-day Nidelva).

right|thumb|Ragnhildsholmen right|thumb|Ruins of the castle Miklaborg near Kungahälla thumb|Archaeology professor University of Gothenburg|Tove Hjørungdal at work in Ytterby 2009 at the site interpreted as the remains of the precursor to Kungahälla.

Nór (Old Norse Nórr) is according to the Orkneyinga Saga the eponymous founder of Norway.

'''''' () is a residence, estate, or farmland that has belonged to or still belongs to the Scandinavian monarchs or royal families.

building in Uddevalla Municipality, Gothenburg and Bohus County, Sweden

thumb|A plaque hanging on what is now Årstad Alternative School, with some of the history of Alrekstad.

in the Kingdom of Denmark, a demarcated area with its own laws and privileges, the Bjarkey laws

In Nordic countries, farms no longer in use

former royal residence in Oslo, Norway

a Benedictine monastery on the island of Klosterøya