Populated places in the Golden Horde

not to be confused with Khasan

Konye-Urgench (, ), also known as Köneürgenç, Old Urgench or Urganj, is a city in north Turkmenistan, just south from its border with Uzbekistan. In 2022, it had a total population of 37,176 people.

town in Russia

city in Crimea, Ukraine

Bolghar or Bolgar (; Tatar: Болгар, بلغار, Bolğar; Chuvash: Аслă Пăлхар, Aslă Pălhar) was intermittently the capital of Volga Bulgaria from the 10th to the 13th centuries, along with Bilyar and Nur-Suvar. It was situated on the bank of the Volga River, about 30 km downstream from its confluence with the Kama River and some 130 km from modern Kazan in what is now Spassky District. To the west of it lies a small modern town known as Bolgar since 1991. The UNESCO World Heritage Committee inscribed Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex (ancient Bolghar hill fort) to the World Heri

capital of the Golden Horde

thumb|Sibier, the region and the city, can be seen on this map by Gerhard Mercator (published 1595), positioned on a left tributary of the [[Ob River. Mercator places Sibir correctly at about 58° northern latitude, but somewhat too much to the west.]]

Bilär or Bilyarsk (; ) was a medieval city in Volga Bulgaria and its second capital before the Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria. It was located on the left bank of the Small Cheremshan River in Alexeeyevsky District of the Tatarstan. Its erstwhile location is from the current village of the same name and from Kazan.

thumb Hajji Tarkhan or Hajji Tarkhan al Jedid (Turki/Kypchak and , ), also known as Hashtar Khan / Astarxan () or Astrakhan, was a medieval city at the right bank of Volga, situated approximately 12 km north of the modern city of Astrakhan. The first mention of the town was recorded in 1333. In the 13th and 14th centuries, it was one of the main trade and political centres of the Golden Horde. In 1395, the city was sacked by Timur. Astrakhan was rebuilt afterwards and became the capital of the Khanate of Astrakhan in 1459. In 1547, the city was seized by the Crimean khan Sahib I Giray. In

human settlement in Narovchatsky District, Penza Oblast, Russia

Saray-Jük (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: سرایجوق, Sarāyjūq; Russian: Сарайчик; , Kışı Sarai; , Sarayçıq), was a medieval city on the border between Europe and Asia. It was located 50 km north Atyrau on the lower Ural River, near the modern village of Sarayshyq, Atyrau Region, Kazakhstan. The city lay on an important trade route between Europe and China and flourished between the 10th and 16th centuries.

thumb|Sighnaq on a 2019 postage stamp of Kazakhstan

Ukek or Uvek (Turki/Kypchak: ; ; ) was a city of the Golden Horde, situated on the banks of the Volga River, at the Uvekovka estuary. Ukek marked the half-way distance between Sarai, the capital of the Golden Horde, and Bolghar, the former capital of Volga Bulgaria. Probably established in the 1240s, Ukek became an important trade center by the early 14th century. Its ruins are located about south of the city center, on the outskirts of the Zavodskoy district of Saratov. A settlement situated next to the ruins still has the name Uvek (Увек).

Selitrennoye () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Selitrensky Selsoviet, Kharabalinsky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,978 as of 2010. There are 23 streets.

human settlement in Russia

human settlement in Russia

ancient city located in the vicinity of Turkestan, Kazakhstan

thumb|Tumen (Chimgi-Tura) on Sigismund von Herberstein's map, published in 1549 Chimgi-Tura or Chingi-Tura (, ) was a medieval city in the 12th to 16th centuries located in Western Siberia. After the Russian conquest, it was refounded as Tyumen.

Cükätaw (; ; ; ), also known as Zhukotin (), was a medieval Bolgar city during the 10th to 15th centuries CE. The city was situated on the right bank of the Kama, near the modern city of Chistopol.

thumb|Excavations at Samosdelskoe settlement in 2020. Samosdelka () is a fishing village in the Astrakhan Oblast of southern Russia, approximately 40 km south-southwest of the city of Astrakhan, in the Volga River delta area of the Caspian Depression marshlands. In September 2008, Russian archaeologists excavating in Samosdelka announced their discovery of what they claimed were the remains of Atil, the capital of the medieval Khazar kingdom. The claim was considered sensational and, owing to the absence of archaeological evidence, did not meet with widespread acceptance. A 2020 assessment by

Qashan () was a medieval city in Volga Bulgaria, on the right bank of Kama river from the 12th to the 15th century.