Punjabi words and phrases

Sikhs (Gurmukhi: ਸਿੱਖ, Sikkh, ) are followers of Sikhism, a religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the teachings of Guru Nanak. The term Sikh has its origin in the Sanskrit word '''', meaning 'seeker', or .

Roti is a round flatbread originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is commonly consumed in many South Asian, Southeast Asian, Caribbean, East African, and Southeast African countries.

The term Khālsā (, ) refers to both a community that follows Sikhism as its religion, as well as a special group of initiated Sikhs. The Khalsa tradition was initiated in 1699 by the Tenth Guru of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh. Its formation was a key event in the history of Sikhism. The founding of Khalsa is celebrated by Sikhs during the festival of Vaisakhi.

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upbeat type of popular music associated with Punjabi culture

Sikh community kitchen where a free meal is served to all visitors by volunteers

several types of dance originating from the Punjab region

The kirpan (; pronunciation: [kɪɾpaːn]) is a blade that Khalsa Sikhs are required to wear as part of their religious uniform, as prescribed by the Sikh Code of Conduct. Traditionally, the kirpan was a full-sized talwar at around 76 cm (30 inches) long; however, British colonial policies and laws introduced in the 19th century reduced the length of the blade, and in the modern day, the kirpan is typically a dagger between 5 to 12 inches. According to the Sikh Code of Conduct, "The length of the sword to be worn is not prescribed", but must be curved and single edged (as its original sword form

Gatka (; ) is a form of martial art associated primarily with the Sikhs of the Punjab. It is a style of stick-fighting, with wooden sticks intended to simulate swords. The Punjabi name, , refers to the wooden stick used and this term might have originated as a diminutive of a Sanskrit word, , meaning "mace".

religious practice; in Sikhism the practice of allowing one's hair to grow naturally out of respect for the perfection of God's creation

thumb|Traditional Indian charpai. At the near end, the lacing for re-tensioning the bias weave. thumb|One of many charpai patterns Charpai (also, kaithu kattil, rope cot, charpaya, charpoy, khat, khatla, manja, or manji) is a traditional woven bed used across South Asia. The name charpai is a compound of char "four" and pay "footed". Regional variations are found in Afghanistan and Pakistan, North and Central India, Bihar and Myanmar.

thumb|An Ektara from Bangladesh

bracelet worn by all initiated Sikhs

thumb|Toomba and algoza. The tumbi or toombi (, pronunciation: tūmbī), also called a tumba or toomba, is a traditional musical instrument from the Punjab region of the northern Indian subcontinent. The high-pitched, single-string plucking instrument is associated with folk music of Punjab and presently very popular in Western Bhangra music.

Chimta (, Shahmukhī: ) literally means tongs. Over time it has evolved into a traditional instrument of South Asia by the permanent addition of small brass jingles. This instrument is often used in popular Punjabi folk songs, Bhangra music and the Sikh religious music known as Gurbani Kirtan.

A sarpanch, gram pradhan, mukhiya or president is a decision-maker, elected by the village-level constitutional body of local self-government called the gram sabha (village government) in India. The sarpanch, together with other elected panchayat members (referred to as ward panch or ward member), constitute gram panchayats and zilla panchayats. The sarpanch is the focal point of contact between government officers and the village community and retains power for five years. The term used to refer to the sarpanch can vary across different states of India. There are many commonly used terms for

The Nihang (also spelt as Nihung lit. "Crocodiles") or Akali (lit. "Immortals"), also known as Dal Khalsa, is an armed Sikh warrior order originating in the Indian subcontinent. Nihangs are believed to have originated either from Fateh Singh and the attire he wore or from the "Akal Sena" (lit. Army of the Immortal) started by Guru Hargobind. Early Sikh military history was dominated by the Nihang, known for their victories where they were heavily outnumbered. Traditionally known for their bravery and ruthlessness in the battlefield, the Nihang once formed the irregular guerrilla squads of the

thumb|Kacchera Kacchera or Kachera () or Kaccha () are an undergarment for the lower body that is specially tailored for shalwar with a tie-knot naala or naada drawstring worn by fully initiated Sikhs. They are similar to European boxer shorts in appearance. It is one of the five Sikh articles of faith called the Five Ks (), and was given from Guru Gobind Singh at the Baisakhi Amrit Sanskar in 1699. Kachera have been worn by initiated Sikhs (Khalsa) since a mandatory religious commandment given by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru of Sikhism, in 1699. Both male and female Sikhs wear similar un

thumb|200px|Kangha – one of the five articles of faith for the Sikhs

thumb|Photograph of Punjabi women performing 'Boliyan'

Nirankari (, lit. "formless one") is a sect of Sikhism. It was a reform movement founded by Baba Dyal Das in northwest Punjab in 1851. He sought to restore the practices and beliefs of Sikhs back to what he believed were prevalent when Guru Nanak was alive. This movement emerged in the aftermath of the end of Sikh Empire and the Sikh history after Ranjit Singh's death.

historic statement of the 10th Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh

thumb|Sikh boy wearing rumāl.

alt=A stout cloth used for bedding and wrap (shawl)|thumb|Khes (a kind of thick blanket, it is a handoom [[damask cloth) used in bedding in Pakistan and northwest India.]]

Jugni is an age-old narrative device used in Punjabi folk music. It is the traditional music of the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent.

bride's adornment traditional in Punjab

Kuri-mar (or Kudi-mar) is a Punjabi phrase which literally means "girl killer". Various rehat-namas including the Sikh Rehat Maryada prohibited the practice. Today, the term also encompasses female feticide and may refer to North-western regions of India which have skewed sex ratios.