States and territories established in the 10th century

Altena (; ) is a town in the district of Märkischer Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The town's castle is the origin for the later Dukes of Berg. Altena is situated on the Lenne river valley, in the northern stretches of the Sauerland.

Warburg (; Westphalian: Warberich or Warborg) is a town in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, central Germany on the river Diemel near the three-state point shared by Hessen, Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. It is in Höxter district and Detmold region. Warburg is the midpoint in the Warburger Börde. Since March 2012 the city is allowed to call itself 'Hanseatic City of Warburg'.

municipality in the canton Aargau in Switzerland

de facto independent state centered on the Tuscan city of Pisa from the late 10th to 15th centuries

dynasty centered around Lalibela, ruling large parts of the territory from about 900 to 1270

Deheubarth (; , thus 'the South') was a regional name for the realms of south Wales, particularly as opposed to Gwynedd (). It is now used as a shorthand for the various realms united under the House of Dinefwr, but that Deheubarth itself was not considered a proper kingdom on the model of Gwynedd, Powys, or Dyfed is shown by its rendering in Latin as or as ("the Southern Britons") and not as a named land. In the oldest British writers, was used for all of modern Wales to distinguish it from (), the northern lands whence Cunedda originated.

medieval French county

Latgalian principality (10th century–1239)

Byzantine administrative unit (theme)

theme of the Byzantine Empire

County of Burgundy, France

county of the Kingdom of Hungary

Prince-bishopric of the Holy Roman Empire