States and territories established in the 9th century

medieval region in current Belgium and France

principality

former country

countship

Zachlumia or Zachumlia (, ), also Hum, was a medieval principality located in the modern-day regions of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia (today parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, respectively). In some periods it was a fully independent or semi-independent South Slavic principality. It maintained relations with various foreign and neighbouring powers (Byzantine Empire, First Bulgarian Empire, Kingdom of Croatia, Principality of Serbia) and later was subjected (temporarily or for a longer period) to Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Serbia, Kingdom of Bosnia, and at the end to the Ottom

The Narentines were a South Slavic tribe noted as pirates on the Adriatic Sea in the 9th and 10th centuries. They occupied an area of southern Dalmatia centered at the river Neretva (). Named Narentani in Venetian sources, they were called Paganoi, "pagans", by the Greeks, as they were still pagan after the Christianization of the neighbouring tribes. They were fierce enemies of the Republic of Venice, attacking Venetian merchants and clergy traveling through the Adriatic, and even raiding close to Venice itself and defeating the doge several times. Venetian–Narentine peace treaties did not la

Takrur, Tekrur or Tekrour ( 500 – c. 1456) was a state based in the Senegal River in modern-day Senegal which was at its height in the 11th and 12th centuries, roughly parallel to the Ghana Empire. It lasted in some form into the 18th century.

thumb|400px|Chimú Tapestry Shirt, 1400–1540, Camelid fiber and [[cotton – Dumbarton Oaks]]

Byzantine province

Byzantine district (theme)

Charsianon () was the name of a Byzantine fortress and the corresponding theme (a military-civilian province) in the region of Cappadocia in eastern Anatolia (modern Turkey).

Byzantine district (theme)

Byzantine district (theme)

Byzantine thema

Byzantine district (theme)

Byzantine district (theme)

Byzantine district (theme)

Byzantine military-civilian province c 800 CE

former country

Revala (also Rävälä, , by Henry of Livonia Revele, by Danish Census Book Revælæ) was an Ancient Estonian county. It was located in northern Estonia, by the Gulf of Finland and corresponded roughly to the present territory of Harju County. It was conquered by the Danish in 1219 during the Livonian Crusade. It also contained the town of Lindanise, nowadays known as Tallinn, the capital of Estonia.