Zoologists of the medieval Islamic world

Abu Uthman Amr ibn Bahr al-Kinani al-Basri (; ), commonly known as al-Jahiz (, ), was an Arab Muslim theologian, intellectual, and litterateur known for his individual Arabic prose. A polymath who lived during the Abbasid Caliphate, he was the author of works of literature (including theory and criticism), theology, zoology, philosophy, grammar, dialectics, rhetoric, philology, linguistics, and politico-religious polemics. His extensive zoological work has been credited with describing principles related to natural selection, ethology, and the functions of an ecosystem.

Persian scientist (1203–1283)

Al-Asmaʿi (, ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Qurayb al-Aṣmaʿī ; –828/833), or Asmai was an Arab philologist and one of three leading Arabic grammarians of the Basra school. At the court of the Abbasid caliph, Hārūn al-Rashīd, as polymath and prolific author on philology, poetry, genealogy, and natural science, he pioneered zoology studies in animal-human anatomical science. He compiled an important poetry anthology, the ''Asma'iyyat'', and was credited with composing an epic on the life of Antarah ibn Shaddad. A protégé of Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi and Abu 'Amr ibn al-'Ala', he was a contemporary and

10th-century Arab Muslim scholar

Al-Damiri (1341–1405), the common name of Kamal al-Din Muhammad ibn Musa al-Damiri (), was a Shafi'i Sunni scholar, jurist, traditionist, theologian, and expert in Arabic from late medieval Cairo. He was best known for his writing on Muslim jurisprudence and natural history. He wrote the first known systematic work on zoological knowledge in Arabic, the Ḥayāt al-ḥayawān al-kubrā, 1371.

physician and author of the "Nature of Animals"

9th-century Arab scholar, poet and grammarian

8th c. Iraqi philologist and poet

Grammarian of Basrah