redundancy

noun

Etymology: Etymology tree English redundant English -cy English redundancy From redundant + -cy.

1. The state of being redundant.
2. A superfluity; something redundant or excessive; a needless repetition in language.

   “[…] the fulneſs of the creature is limited, it ariſeth juſt to ſuch a degree and proportion, but Gods fulneſs is infinite, as it hath its Reſplendency, ſo its Redundancy, it knows neither bounds nor bottom.”

3. A duplication of components or circuits to provide survival of the total system in case of failure of single components.

   “2006, Lauren Bean, Richard E. Friedman, Chapter 5: School Safety in the Twenty First Century: Adapting to New Security Challenges Post-9/11, James J. F. Forest (editor), Homeland Security: Protecting America′s Targets, Volume 2: Public Spaces and Social Institutions, page 108, Staff redundancy is needed in the event that a supervisor and key unit supervisors are not present or unable to act in an emergency.”

4. Duplication of parts of a message to guard against transmission errors.
5. The state of being unemployed because one's job is no longer necessary; the dismissal of such an employee; a layoff.

   “1981, New Zealand House of Representatives. Parliamentary Debates, Volume 442, page 4212, Has he received any representation from Air New Zealand management about redundancy proposals for Air New Zealand staff; and, if so, do these proposals include redundancy agreements?”

   “1983, UK House of Commons, Papers by Command, Volume 40, page lvi, The potential savings did not take into account once-and-for-all staff redundancy costs of £16.5 million and unspecified costs involved in increasing stock levels […] .”

6. surplusage inserted in a pleading which may be rejected by the court without impairing the validity of what remains.