redundant

adj

Etymology: From Latin redundāns, present participle of redundō (“to overflow, redound”), from red- (“again, back”) + undō (“to surge, flood”), from unda (“a wave”).

1. Superfluous; exceeding what is necessary, no longer needed.

   “It is allowed, that Senates and great Councils are often troubled with redundant, ebullient, and other peccant Humours, with many Diſeaſes of the Head and more of the Heart; […]”

   “In the living state, the body is observed to receive aliment; to assimilate a part; to evacuate what is redundant or useless; […]”

2. Repetitive or needlessly wordy.
3. Dismissed from employment because no longer needed.

   “Four employees were made redundant.”

4. Duplicating or able to duplicate the function of another component of a system, providing backup in the event the other component fails.

   “The two lines are mainly used for redundant and therefore fault-tolerant message transmission, but they can also transmit different messages.”

5. Containing duplicate pathways to send a message.