Speech–language pathology

the study and treatment of speech and language problems

Forkhead box protein P2 (FOXP2) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the FOXP2 gene. FOXP2 is a member of the forkhead box family of transcription factors, proteins that regulate gene expression by binding to DNA. It is expressed in the brain, heart, lungs and digestive system.

umbrella term describing techniques used for those with communication impairments

Dyslalia is an antiquated term for the incapacity to produce speech phonetically correctly, with tongue diseases instead of neurological disorders or hearing disorders. Under the ICD-10, Dyslalia is currently coded under F80.0 (Phonological disorder). See speech disorders for information on current classifications and etiologies of phonetically based speech sound disorders.

range of neurodevelopmental conditions

thumb|right|240px|William-Adolphe Bouguereau, The Difficult Lesson (1884)

Agrammatism is a characteristic of non-fluent aphasia. Individuals with agrammatism present with speech that is characterized by containing mainly content words, with a lack of function words. For example, when asked to describe a picture of children playing in the park, the affected individual responds with, "trees..children..run." People with agrammatism may have telegraphic speech, a unique speech pattern with simplified formation of sentences (in which many or all function words are omitted), akin to that found in telegraph messages. Deficits in agrammaticism are often language-specific, h

type of aphasia

range of neurodevelopmental conditions

Makaton is an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system which uses signs (hand gestures) and symbols (images) alongside speech and written words to support communication. Despite its use of signs, Makaton is not a sign language.

child demonstrating speech ability later than is average

Cluttering is a speech and communication disorder characterized by a rapid rate of speech, erratic rhythm, and poor syntax or grammar, making speech difficult to understand.

impairment affecting speech, language, or hearing that hinders the ability to effectively communicate

neurodevelopmental condition

unsystematic deviation (conscious or unconscious) from the apparently intended form of an utterance

language disorder in which a child fails to develop language normally

language abilities below the expected level for a given age

augmenting speech device

fonoaudiologia

hand gesture used in education

learned society dedicated to augmentive and alternative communication

rare consonant

any of various breaks, irregularities, or non-lexical vocables that occurs within the flow of otherwise fluent speech