脑

Also known as animal brain, brain organ

器官

OverviewAI-generated

The brain is an encephalon that is part of the head and the central nervous system. It is located in the cranial cavity. The brain has parts including the prosencephalon, mesencephalon, brain stem, and rhombencephalon. It connects with the spinal cord and optic nerve. The subject is found in the taxon Bilateria and has the cause cephalization.

The brain is studied by neuroscience. It is different from the human brain. The Unicode character for the subject is 🧠. It is described by the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary and the Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition. The subject is referenced by 3,237 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 22 facts across 3 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Key facts

Anatomy.Name: Brain
Anatomy.Latin: cerebrum
Anatomy.Greek: ἐγκέφαλος (enképhalos)
Anatomy.Image: Chimp Brain in a jar.jpg
Anatomy.Caption: Brain of a chimpanzee
Anatomy.Image2: Brain model - Insula.jpg
Anatomy.Caption2: Model of a human brain
Anatomy.IsPartOf: Nervous system

via Wikipedia infobox

Research

2,612,986 papers

The brain's default mode network.ReviewAnnual review of neuroscience · 2015Raichle MEDOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014030
The brain's default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease.ReviewAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2008Buckner RL, Andrews-Hanna JR, Schacter DLDOI: 10.1196/annals.1440.011
Brain plasticity and behavior.ReviewAnnual review of psychology · 1998Kolb B, Whishaw IQDOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.43
The Brain's Glymphatic System: Current Controversies.ReviewTrends in neurosciences · 2020Mestre H, Mori Y, Nedergaard MDOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.04.003
Border-associated macrophages as gatekeepers of brain homeostasis and immunity.ReviewImmunity · 2025Vara-Pérez M, Movahedi KDOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.04.005
Brain-Machine Interfaces: From Basic Science to Neuroprostheses and Neurorehabilitation.ReviewPhysiological reviews · 2017Lebedev MA, Nicolelis MADOI: 10.1152/physrev.00027.2016
Mapping the human brain's cortical-subcortical functional network organization.NeuroImage · 2019Ji JL, Spronk M, Kulkarni K et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.10.006
Paying the brain's energy bill.ReviewCurrent opinion in neurobiology · 2023Padamsey Z, Rochefort NLDOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102668

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Subclass of: encephalon
Has part: rhombencephalon
Image: Chimp Brain in a jar.jpg
Connects with: spinal cord

Show 11 more facts

Commons category: Brain
topic's main category: Category:Brain
Commons gallery: Brain
exact match: ids.clld.org/parameters/4-203
found in taxon: Bilateria
Unicode character: 🧠
NCI Thesaurus ID: C12439
studied by: neuroscience
anatomical location: cranial cavity
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
ground level 360 degree view URL: www.openanatomy.org/atlases/nac/brain-2017-01/viewer/#!/state/0c6fccc7-a7fc-4bc5-a6e5-648173430547

Sources (8)

via Wikidata · CC0

Article · 中文

脑（英語：Brain）作为一个器官，是所有脊椎动物和大部分无脊椎动物都具有的神经系统中心。它位于头部，通常靠近感觉器官，如视觉器官。脑是脊椎动物身体中最复杂的器官。人类的大脑皮质包含大约140-160亿神经元, 小脑中包含大约550-700亿神经元。每一个神经元都通过突触和其他数千个神经元相连接。这些神经元之间通过称作轴突的原生质纤维进行较长距离互相联结，可以将一种称作动作电位的冲动信号，在脑的不同区域之间或者向身体的特定接收细胞传递。从生理上来说，脑的功能就是控制身体的其他器官。脑对其他器官的作用方式，一是调制肌肉的运动模式，二是通过分泌一些称为荷尔蒙的化学物质。集中的控制方式，可以对环境的变化做出迅速而一致的反应。一些基本的反应，例如反射，可以通过脊髓或者周边神经节来控制，然而基于多种感官输入，有心智、有目的的动作，只有通过脑中枢的整合能力才能控制。关于单个脑细胞的运作机制，现今已经有了比较详细的了解；然而数以兆亿的神经元如何以集群的方式合作，还是一个未解决的问题。现代神经科学中，新近的模型将脑看作一种生物计算机，虽然运行的机制和电子计算机很不一样，但是它们从周围世界中获得信息、存储信息、以多种方式处理信息的功能是类似的，它有点像计算机中的中央处理器（CPU）。本文会对各种动物的脑进行比较，特别是脊椎动物的脑，而人脑将被作为各种脑的其中一种进行讨论。人脑的特别之处会在人脑条目中探讨，因为其中很多话题在人脑的前提下讨论，内容会丰富得多。其中最重要的，是与脑损伤造成的后果，它会被放在人脑条目中探讨，因为人脑的大多数常见疾病并不见于其他物种，即使有，它们的表现形式也可能不同。

Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA