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Caligula

Also known as Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, Gaius, Julius Caesar Germanicus, Emperor of Rome Gaius, Gaius Caesar Germanicus, Emperor of Rome Gaius, Gaius Caesar, Emperor of Rome Gaius Caesar Germanicus, Emperor of Rome Caligula

Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August AD 12 – 24 January AD 41), also called Gaius and Caligula (), was Roman emperor from AD 37 until his assassination in AD 41. He was the son of the Roman general Germanicus and Augustus' granddaughter Agrippina the Elder, members of the first ruling family of the Roman Empire. He was born two years before Tiberius became emperor. Gaius accompanied his father, mother and siblings on campaign in Germania, at little more than four or five years old. He had been named after Gaius Julius Caesar, but his father's soldiers affectionately nicknamed him

AI overview

Caligula was a Roman emperor who ruled from AD 37 to 41 before being assassinated, and he is historically significant as a member of the first imperial dynasty whose reign marked an important period in early Roman history. His life and rule have attracted lasting historical attention because of his family's prominence in the empire's founding and the dramatic end of his reign.

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Quotes

“Utinam populus Romanus unam cervicem haberet!”
“"I am nursing a viper for the Roman people, and a Phaëthon for the whole world."”
“You [Caligula], O most wretched of men! having filled every continent and every island with good laws, and principles of justice, and wealth, and comfort, and prosperity, and abundance of other blessings, you, wretched man, full of all cowardice and iniquity, who have emptied every city of all the things which can conduce to stability and prosperity, and have made them full of everything which leads to trouble and confusion, and the most utter misery and desolation.”
“But the madness and frenzy to which he gave way were so preposterous, and so utterly insane, that he went even beyond the demigods, and mounted up to and invaded the veneration and worship paid to those who are looked upon as greater than they, as the supreme deities of the world, Mercury, and Apollo, and Mars.”

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Key facts

Royalty.image: File:Caligula.Carlsberg Glyptotek.(cropped).jpg
Royalty.caption: Roman marble bust of Gaius, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek
Royalty.succession: Roman emperor
Royalty.reign: 16 March 37 – 24 January 41
Royalty.predecessor: Tiberius
Royalty.successor: Claudius
Royalty.birth_date: 31 August AD 12
Royalty.birth_place: Antium, Italy
Royalty.death_date: 24 January AD 41 (aged 28)
Royalty.death_place: Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy
Royalty.regnal name: Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus
Royalty.dynasty: Julio-Claudian
Royalty.father: Germanicus
Royalty.mother: Agrippina

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Wikidata facts

Image: Portrait Head of Caligula - Getty Museum (72.AA.155).jpg

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Commons category: Caligula
date of birth: 0012-08-31
date of death: 0041-01-24
Commons gallery: Gaius Iulius Caesar Germanicus Caligula
nickname: Alumnus
P12749: Éditions Julliard
name in native language: GAIVS IVLIVS CAESAR AVGVSTVS GERMANICVS
birth name: GAIVS IVLIVS CAESAR GERMANICVS

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~87 min read

Article

37 sections

Contents

Early life
Capri
Emperor
Early reign
''Princeps''
Illness and recovery
Public profile
Public reform and finance
Tax and treasury
Coinage
Construction
Treason trials
Incitatus
Bridge at Baiae
Provinces
Judaea and Egypt
Germany and the Rhine frontier
Auctions
Britannia
Mauretania
Religion
Assassination and aftermath
Personal life
Mental condition
Contemporary historiography
Modern depictions
In film and series
In literature and theatre
In opera
See also
Notes
References
Bibliography
Modern sources
Ancient sources
Further reading
External links

Germanicus died in Antioch in AD 19, and Agrippina returned with her six children to Rome, where she became entangled in a bitter feud with Emperor Tiberius, who was Germanicus' biological uncle and adoptive father. The conflict eventually led to the destruction of her family, with Caligula as the sole male survivor. In 26, Tiberius withdrew from public life to the island of Capri, and in 31, Caligula joined him there. Tiberius died in 37, and Caligula succeeded him as emperor, at the age of 24.