Caligula
Also known as Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, Gaius, Julius Caesar Germanicus, Emperor of Rome Gaius, Gaius Caesar Germanicus, Emperor of Rome Gaius, Gaius Caesar, Emperor of Rome Gaius Caesar Germanicus, Emperor of Rome Caligula
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August AD 12 – 24 January AD 41), also called Gaius and Caligula (), was Roman emperor from AD 37 until his assassination in AD 41. He was the son of the Roman general Germanicus and Augustus' granddaughter Agrippina the Elder, members of the first ruling family of the Roman Empire. He was born two years before Tiberius became emperor. Gaius accompanied his father, mother and siblings on campaign in Germania, at little more than four or five years old. He had been named after Gaius Julius Caesar, but his father's soldiers affectionately nicknamed him
AI overview
Caligula was a Roman emperor who ruled from AD 37 to 41 before being assassinated, and he is historically significant as a member of the first imperial dynasty whose reign marked an important period in early Roman history. His life and rule have attracted lasting historical attention because of his family's prominence in the empire's founding and the dramatic end of his reign.
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37 sectionsContents
- Early life
- Capri
- Emperor
- Early reign
- ''Princeps''
- Illness and recovery
- Public profile
- Public reform and finance
- Tax and treasury
- Coinage
- Construction
- Treason trials
- Incitatus
- Bridge at Baiae
- Provinces
- Judaea and Egypt
- Germany and the Rhine frontier
- Auctions
- Britannia
- Mauretania
- Religion
- Assassination and aftermath
- Personal life
- Mental condition
- Contemporary historiography
- Modern depictions
- In film and series
- In literature and theatre
- In opera
- See also
- Notes
- References
- Bibliography
- Modern sources
- Ancient sources
- Further reading
- External links
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (31 August AD 12 – 24 January AD 41), also called Gaius and Caligula (), was Roman emperor from AD 37 until his assassination in AD 41. He was the son of the Roman general Germanicus and Augustus' granddaughter Agrippina the Elder, members of the first ruling family of the Roman Empire. He was born two years before Tiberius became emperor. Gaius accompanied his father, mother and siblings on campaign in Germania, at little more than four or five years old. He had been named after Gaius Julius Caesar, but his father's soldiers affectionately nicknamed him "Caligula" ('little boot').
Germanicus died in Antioch in AD 19, and Agrippina returned with her six children to Rome, where she became entangled in a bitter feud with Emperor Tiberius, who was Germanicus' biological uncle and adoptive father. The conflict eventually led to the destruction of her family, with Caligula as the sole male survivor. In 26, Tiberius withdrew from public life to the island of Capri, and in 31, Caligula joined him there. Tiberius died in 37, and Caligula succeeded him as emperor, at the age of 24.