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Encyclopedic overview
Jihad (literally "struggle") is an Islamic term referring to the struggle to maintain the religion of Islam against those who oppose the religion. The concept dates from the origins of Islam, and interpretations of the concept have varied widely over the centuries. The concept generally includes both an inner spiritual struggle and an outer physical struggle, which may be violent or non-violent.
Jihad should be distinguished from jihadism, a modern form of Islamic extremism.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Category:Jihad” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.