File:Chloroquine.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
chloroquine
Sign in to saveAlso known as N(4)-(7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)-N(1),N(1)-diethyl-1,4-pentanediamine, N4-(7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)-N1,N1-diethyl-1,4-pentanediamine, 7-chloro-4-{[4-(diethylamino)-1-methylbutyl]amino}quinolinium, (RS)-chloroquine
Key facts
- Drug.Watchedfields
- changed
- Drug.verifiedrevid
- 459442331
- Drug.image
- Chloroquine.svg
- Drug.image_class
- skin-invert-image
- Drug.width
- 250px
- Drug.image2
- Chloroquine-ligand-CLQ-A-from-PDB-xtal-4FGL-Mercury-3D-balls.png
- Drug.image_class2
- bg-transparent
- Drug.width2
- 225px
- Drug.tradename
- Aralen, other
- Drug.DailyMedID
- Chloroquine
- Drug.routes_of_administration
- By mouth
- Drug.ATC_prefix
- P01
- Drug.ATC_suffix
- BA01
- Drug.legal_UK
- P
- Drug.legal_US
- Rx-only
- Drug.legal_status
- Rx only
- Drug.metabolism
- Liver
- Drug.elimination_half life
- 1-2 months
via Wikipedia infobox
Chemical data
- Formula
- C18H26ClN3
- Molecular weight
- 319.9 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- 4-N-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-1-N,1-N-diethylpentane-1,4-diamine
- SMILES
- CCN(CC)CCCC(C)NC1=C2C=CC(=CC2=NC=C1)Cl
- InChIKey
- WHTVZRBIWZFKQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- XLogP
- 4.6
- Polar surface area
- 28.2 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 1
- H-bond acceptors
- 3
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Research
32,665 papers- Chloroquine.Transactions of the St. John's Hospital Dermatological Society · 1967
- Pharmacogenomics of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: current evidence and future implications.Pharmacogenomics · 2023
- Pharmacology Progresses and Applications of Chloroquine in Cancer Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024
- The antiviral mechanisms, effects, safety and adverse effects of chloroquine.European review for medical and pharmacological sciences · 2020
- Chloroquine.Arthritis and rheumatism · 1972
via PubMed
~17 min read
Encyclopedic overview
27 sectionsContents
- Medical uses
- Malaria
- Amebiasis
- Rheumatic disease
- Side effects
- Pregnancy
- Elderly
- Drug interactions
- Overdose
- Pharmacology
- Mechanism of action
- Malaria
- Resistance in malaria
- Antiviral
- Other
- History
- Chemical synthesis
- Society and culture
- Formulations
- Names
- Other animals
- Research
- SARS-CoV
- COVID-19
- Other
- References
- External links
Chloroquine is an antiparasitic medication that treats malaria. It works by increasing the levels of heme in the blood, a substance toxic to the malarial parasite. This kills the parasite and stops the infection from spreading. Certain types of malaria, resistant strains, and complicated cases typically require different or additional medication. Chloroquine is also occasionally used for amebiasis that is occurring outside the intestines, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus. While it has not been formally studied in pregnancy, it appears safe. It is taken by mouth. It was studied to treat COVID-19 early in the pandemic, but these studies were largely halted in mid-2020, and the NIH does not recommend its use for this purpose.
Common side effects include muscle problems, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and skin rash. Serious side effects include problems with vision, muscle damage, seizures, and low blood cell levels. Chloroquine is a member of the drug class 4-aminoquinoline. As an antimalarial, it works against the asexual form of the malaria parasite in the stage of its life cycle within the red blood cell. How it works in rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus is unclear.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “chloroquine” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.