commons
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thumb|Sheep grazing on common pasture, a stereotypical environmental commons, at Castlemorton The commons are the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These resources are held in common even when owned privately or publicly. Commons can also be understood as natural resources that groups of people (communities, user groups) manage for individual and collective benefit. Characteristically, this involves a variety of informal norms and values (social practice) employed for a governance mechan
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Article
26 sectionsContents
- Definition and modern use
- Economic theories
- Tragedy of the commons
- Successful commons
- Types
- Environmental resource
- European land use
- Global commons
- Cultural and intellectual commons
- Digital commons
- Urban commons
- Society and culture
- Feminist perspectives
- Commoning as a process
- Contemporary commons movements
- Notable theorists
- Examples
- Mongolian grasslands
- Lobster fishery of Maine, United States
- Irrigation systems of New Mexico, United States
- Community forests in Nepal
- Beaver hunting in James Bay, Quebec, Canada
- Allotment gardens in Stockholm
- See also
- References
- External links
thumb|Sheep grazing on common pasture, a stereotypical environmental commons, at Castlemorton The commons are the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These resources are held in common even when owned privately or publicly. Commons can also be understood as natural resources that groups of people (communities, user groups) manage for individual and collective benefit. Characteristically, this involves a variety of informal norms and values (social practice) employed for a governance mechanism. Commons can also be defined as a social practice of governing a resource not by state or market but by a community of users that self-governs the resource through institutions that it creates.
==Definition and modern use== thumb|Commons sustainability model The Digital Library of the Commons defines "commons" as "a general term for shared resources in which each stakeholder has an equal interest".