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File:Demosthenes_Polyeuctos_Louvre_Ma237_n01.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Demosthenes

Also known as Dimosthenis

Demosthenes (; ; ; 384 – 12 October 322 BC) was a Greek statesman and orator in ancient Athens. His orations constitute a significant expression of contemporary Athenian intellectual prowess and provide insight into the politics and culture of ancient Greece during the 4th century BC. Demosthenes learned rhetoric by studying the speeches of previous great orators. He delivered his first judicial speeches at the age of 20, in which he successfully argued that he should gain from his guardians what was left of his inheritance. For a time, Demosthenes made his living as a professional s

OverviewAI-generated

Demosthenes was a male politician, diplomat, orator, and writer from Classical Athens who lived during classical antiquity. Born in 384 BCE and dying in 322 BCE, he was a member of the Greek ethnic group and belonged to the deme of Paiania. He spoke and wrote in Ancient Greek, with his name recorded in his native language as Δημοσθένης. Throughout his life, he held the position of ambassador.

His notable works include the Harangue sur la couronne, Ausgewählte reden des Demosthenes, The oration of Demosthenes on the crown, Demosthenis Orationes ex recensione Guilielmi Dindorfii, Demosthenis, Graecorum Oratorum Principis, Olynthiacae orationes tres, and Philippicae quatuor. He is described by sources such as the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition, Pauly–Wissowa, and The Nuttall Encyclopædia. Demosthenes suffered from stuttering and died by suicide via poison in Poros.

Synthesized by Vinony from 25 facts across 3 sources: Wikidata, Open Library, Europeana Sparql. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Person · Open Library

Born: 384 B.C.
Died: 322 B.C.
Works: 437

Top works

Harangue sur la couronne
Ausgewählte reden des Demosthenes
The oration of Demosthenes on the crown
Demosthenis Orationes ex recensione Guilielmi Dindorfii ...
Demosthenis, Graecorum Oratorum Principis, Olynthiacae orationes tres, & Philippicae quatuor

via Open Library + Wikidata

Key facts

Person.name: Demosthenes
Person.image: Demosthenes Polyeuctos Louvre Ma237 n01.jpg
Person.caption: Bust of Demosthenes (Louvre, Paris, France)
Person.native_name: Δημοσθένης
Person.native_name_lang: el
Person.birth_date: 384 BC
Person.birth_place: Athens
Person.death_date: 12 October 322 BC (aged 62)
Person.death_place: Kalaureia, Macedon
Person.occupation: Logographer

via Wikipedia infobox

Wikidata facts

Instance of: human
Gender: male
Citizenship: Classical Athens
Place of death: Poros
Occupation: writer
Position held: ambassador
Languages spoken: Ancient Greek
Image: Demosthenes orator Louvre.jpg

Show 19 more facts

topic's main category: Category:Demosthenes
Commons category: Demosthenes
date of birth: 0384-01-01
date of death: 0322-10-12
manner of death: Suicide
described by source: Granat Encyclopedic Dictionary
member of the deme: Paiania
time period: classical antiquity
culture: Ancient Greece
ethnic group: Greeks
cause of death: poison
name in native language: Δημοσθένης
writing language: Ancient Greek
Commons Creator page: Demosthenes
different from: Demosthenes
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4
medical condition: stuttering
P12749: Mykola Azarov
P13311: José Carrillo de Albornoz, 1st Duke of Montemar

Sources (8)

via Wikidata · CC0

Works in European collections

36 objects attributed to Demosthenes, held across European museums, libraries & archives · via Europeana

Demosthenis et Aeschinis principum Graeciae oratorum Opera. 4.

Works. 14 = Abbot 3

Demosthenis et Aeschinis que exstant omnia. 9, Demosthenes latine

Gnomologia Demosthenica: hoc est, sententiae breves et illustres ex Demosthene et Aeschine Graecorum oratorum principibus ad linguae Graecae elegant copiam, rerumque multivariam cognitionem comparandam 3, Tertius tomus sententiarum, e decem orationibus Demosthenis forensibus publicis, Graecolatinus

Demosthenis Orationes Olynthiacae tres, et quatuor Philippicae: cum quibusdam alijs eiusdem argumenti nunc primùm adiectis in usum puerorum recte Graece discere cupientium separatim editae

Demosthenis et Aeschinis que exstant omnia. 1, Praefationes... et Demosthenis Philippicae et suasoriae

Oratio de pace, graece; accedunt notae, scholia et Andreae Dunaei praelectiones

Works. 5 = Abbot 1

Oratio adversus Leptinem cum argumentis graece et latine: Recensuit cum apparatu critico copiosissimo edidit Dr. J. Th. Voemelius

Demosthenis Et Aeschinis Quae Supersunt Omnia. 1, Tomus ..., Continens universas quae ad Philippum pertinent conciones, et hujus epistolam

Demosthenes' Werke :Griechisch und Deutsch mit kritischen und erklärenden Anmerkungen. 4, Demosthenes' halonnesische, vierte philippische und gegen Philipps Manifest gerichtete Rede nebst diesem Manifeste

Demosthenis et Aeschinis principum Graeciae oratorum Opera. 5.

Works. 15 = Abbot 3

Demosthenes' Werke :Griechisch und Deutsch mit kritischen und erklärenden Anmerkungen. 9

Prints and copies by Daniel Schilling

Demosthenis and Aeschini’s speeches. 3

Demosthenis Orationes

Demosthenis Orationes quaedam

Demosthenis Olynthiacae Orationes

Demosthenis Paragraphe ad Nausimachum et Xenopithen

Demosthenes

Demosthenes Orationes quaedam

Demosthenis Orationes

Les Philippiques [Printed Text]

Demosthenis et Aeschinis principum Graeciae oratorum Opera : cum utriusq[ue], autoris vita & Ulpiani commentariis, nouisq[ue], scholiis, ex quarta, eaque postrema recognitione, graecolatina : sex codicum impressorum [et] inter hos Parisiensis nuper editi duorum manuscriptorum alterius Pannonii. alterius ex Augustina Bibliotheca... collatione : à mendis repurgata, uariis lectionibus adaucta, annotationibus illustrata

Demosthenis Oratorum Graeciae principis opera, quae ad nostram aetatem per venerunt omnia

Demosthenis... operae, quae ad nostram aetatem peruenerunt, omnia [Texto impreso]

Orazioni scelte volgarizzate da Luigi Anelli

Orationes ed. G. Dindorfius

Œuvres Complettes De Dèmosthene Et D'Eschine, Traduites En François, Avec des Remarques sur les Harangues & Plaidoyers de ces deux Orateurs, & des Notes critiques & grammaticales en latin, sur le texte grec ... Par M. l'Abbé Auger ...

Orazioni volgarizzate da Luigi Anelli

Aringhe trad. da Melchior Cesarotti

~72 min read

Encyclopedic overview

31 sections

Contents

Early years and personal life
Family and personal life
Education
Speech training
Career
Legal career
Early political activity
Confrontation with Philip II
First Philippic and the Olynthiacs (351–349 BC)
Case of Meidias (348 BC)
Peace of Philocrates (347–345 BC)
Second and Third Philippics (344–341 BC)
Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC)
Last political initiatives and death
Confrontation with Alexander
Delivery of ''On the Crown''
Case of Harpalus and death
Assessments
Political career
Oratorical skill
Rhetorical legacy
Works and transmission
Later honours
See also
Notes
References
Sources
Primary sources (Greeks and Romans)
Secondary sources
Further reading
External links

Demosthenes grew interested in politics during his time as a logographer, and in 354 BC he gave his first public political speeches. He went on to devote his most productive years to opposing Macedon's expansion. He idealized his city and strove throughout his life to restore Athens's supremacy and motivate his compatriots against Philip II of Macedon. He sought to preserve his city's freedom and to establish an alliance against Macedon, in an unsuccessful attempt to impede Philip's plans to expand his influence southward, conquering the Greek states.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Demosthenes” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

Demosthenes