einsteinium

Also known as 99Es, Es, element 99

Einsteinium is a synthetic chemical element; it has symbol Es and atomic number 99 and is a member of the actinide series and the seventh transuranium element.

AI overview

Einsteinium is a human-made chemical element (symbol Es, atomic number 99) that belongs to a group of heavy elements called actinides and sits seventh among elements heavier than uranium. It's primarily significant as a scientific achievement in nuclear chemistry, demonstrating humanity's ability to create new elements beyond those found in nature.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: Es
Molecular weight: 252.083 g/mol
IUPAC name: einsteinium
SMILES: [Es]
InChIKey: CKBRQZNRCSJHFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

29 papers

The blue hue of einsteinium.Nature chemistry · 2021Natrajan LS, Faulkner SDOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00693-3
Einsteinium declassified.Nature chemistry · 2016Redfern JDOI: 10.1038/nchem.2676
Mysterious einsteinium spills its secrets.Nature · 2021Bundell S, Petrić Howe NDOI: 10.1038/d41586-021-00306-6
Structural and spectroscopic characterization of an einsteinium complex.Nature · 2021Carter KP, Shield KM, Smith KF et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03179-3
Daily briefing: Einsteinium illuminates the edge of the periodic table.Nature · 2021Graham FDOI: 10.1038/d41586-021-00344-0
Publisher Correction: The blue hue of einsteinium.Nature chemistry · 2021Natrajan LS, Faulkner SDOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00743-w
Extending deterministic transport capabilities for very-high and ultra-high energy electron beams.Scientific reports · 2024Naceur A, Bienvenue C, Romano P et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51143-8
Feasibility of a multigroup Boltzmann-Fokker-Planck solution for electron beam dose calculations.Scientific reports · 2023Naceur A, Hébert A, Romano P et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27376-y

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Image: Einsteinium.jpg

Show 9 more facts

element symbol: Es
Commons category: Einsteinium
time of discovery or invention: 1952-01-01
atomic number: 99
Commons gallery: Einsteinium
Unicode character: 鑀
canonical SMILES: [Es]
chemical formula: Es
electronegativity: 1.3

Sources (5)

via Wikidata · CC0

~30 min read

Article

21 sections

Contents

History
Characteristics
Physical
Chemical
Isotopes
Nuclear fission
Natural occurrence
Synthesis and extraction
Laboratory synthesis
Synthesis in nuclear explosions
Separation
Preparation of the metal
Chemical compounds
Oxides
Halides
Organoeinsteinium compounds
Applications
Safety
References
Bibliography
External links

Einsteinium is a synthetic chemical element; it has symbol Es and atomic number 99 and is a member of the actinide series and the seventh transuranium element.

Einsteinium was discovered as a component of the debris of the first hydrogen bomb explosion in 1952. Its most common isotope, einsteinium-253 (Es; half-life 20.47 days), is produced artificially from decay of californium-253 in a few dedicated high-power nuclear reactors with a total yield on the order of one milligram per year. The reactor synthesis is followed by a complex process of separating einsteinium-253 from other actinides and products of their decay. Other isotopes are synthesized in various laboratories, but in much smaller amounts, by bombarding heavy actinide elements with light ions. Due to the small amounts of einsteinium produced and the short half-life of its most common isotope, there are no practical applications for it except basic scientific research. In particular, einsteinium was used to synthesize, for the first time, 17 atoms of the new element mendelevium in 1955.