Geography

Also known as Geographica, Strabo's Geography

thumb|200px|Title page of the 1620 edition of Isaac Casaubon's Geographica, whose 840 page numbers prefixed by "C" are now used as a standard text reference. The Geographica (, Geōgraphiká; or , "Strabo's 17 Books on Geographical Topics") or Geography, is an encyclopedia of geographical knowledge, consisting of 17 'books', written in Greek in the late first century BC, or early first century AD, and attributed to Strabo, an educated citizen of the Roman Empire of Greek descent. There is a fragmentary palimpsest dating to the fifth century. The earliest manuscripts of books 1–9 date to the tent

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Author: Tim Marshall
First published: 2015
Editions: 14
Subjects: Geopolitics, World politics, nyt:travel=2015-12-13, New York Times bestseller, Politics and Government, INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, Geopolítica

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Wikidata facts

Image: Allegorie op geschiedenis en geografie Titelpagina voor Strabo, Rerum geographicarum libri XVII, Amsterdam, 1707 Strabonis geographia cum notis Casauboni (titel op object), RP-P-1964-3404.jpg

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title: Γεωγραφικά
Commons category: Geographica
entry in abbreviations table: Strab.
inception: 0020-00-00

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~45 min read

Article

108 sections

Contents

Title of the work
Ascribed date
Composition
Content
Book I – definition and history of geography
Chapter 1 – description of geography and this encyclopedia
Chapter 2 – contributors to geography
Chapter 3 – physical geography
Chapter 4 – political geography
Book II – mathematics of geography
Chapter 1 – distances between parallels and meridians
Chapter 2 – the five zones
Chapter 3 – distribution of plants, animals, civilizations
Chapter 4 – criticisms of Polybius' and Eratosthenes' maps
Chapter 5 – Strabo's view of the ecumene
Book III – Iberian peninsula
Chapter 1 – Vicinity of the Sacred Cape
Chapter 2 – Bætica
Chapter 3 [[Iberia]]
Chapter 4
Chapter 5 - Islands of Iberia: [[Baleares (province)|Baleares]], [[Cassiterides]], [[Cádiz|Gades]]
Book IV – Gaul, Britain, Ireland, Thule, the Alps
Chapter 1 – [[Gallia Narbonensis|Narbonitis]]
Chapter 2 – [[Gallia Aquitania|Aquitania]]
Chapter 3 – [[Gallia Celtica|Celtica]]
Chapter 4 – Northwest Gaul and the [[Belgae]]
Chapter 5 – [[Great Britain]], [[Ireland]], and other islands
Chapter 6 – The Alps
Book V – Italy to Campania
Chapter 1 – [[Northern Italy]]
Chapter 2 – Tuscany and Umbria
Chapter 3 – The Sabine Hills and Latium
Chapter 4 – Picenum and Campania
Book VI – south Italy, Sicily
Chapter 1 – Southern Italy
Chapter 2 – Sicily
Chapter 3 – Greece
Chapter 4 – Italy summary
Book VII – north, east and central Europe
Chapter 1 – Germania
Chapter 2 – Germania
Chapter 3 – northern Black Sea region
Chapter 4 – Crimea
Chapter 5 – Illyria and Pannonia
Chapter 6 – Eastern Dacia and Thrace
Chapter 7 – Epirus
Book VIII – Greece
Book IX – More on Greece
Chapter 1 – Attica
Chapter 2 – Boeotia
Chapter 3 – Phocis
Chapter 4 – Locris
Chapter 5 – Thessaly
Book X – Yet more on Greece, Greek islands
Chapter 1 – Euboea
Chapter 2–3 – Aetolia and Acarnania
Chapter 4 – Crete
Chapter 5 – Archipelagos
Book XI – Russia east of the Don, the Transcaucasus, northwest Iran, Central Asia
Chapter 1 – East of the Don
Chapter 2 - Sarmatia
Chapter 3 – Iberia
Chapter 4 – Albania
Chapter 5 – The Caucasus
Chapter 6 - The Caspian
Chapter 7 - East of the Caspian
Chapter 8 - Geography of the Caspian and Iran
Chapter 9 – Parthia
Chapter 10 – Aria and Margiana
Chapter 11 – Bactria
Chapter 12 - The Taurus Mountains
Chapter 13 - Media
Chapter 14 - Armenia
Book XII – Anatolia
Chapter 1–2 – Cappadocia
Chapter 3 – [[Pontus (region)|Pontus]]
Chapter 4 – [[Bithynia]]
Chapter 5–7 – Galatia, Lycaonia and Pisidia
Chapter 8 – Phrygia
Book XIII – northern Aegean
Chapter 1 – [[Troad (region)|Troad]]
Book XIV – eastern Aegean
Chapter 2 – Asia Minor
Book XV – Persia, Ariana, the Indian subcontinent
Book XVI – Middle East
Summary
Chapter 1 – Assyria
Chapter 2 – Syria
Chapter 3 – Persian Gulf
Chapter 4 – Arabia
Book XVII – North Africa
Chapter 1 – Nile, Egypt, Cyrenaica
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Publication history
Manuscripts
Papryri
Editions and translations
Latin
Greek text
English
French
German
See also
References
External links
The text of Strabo online
Other links

==Title of the work== thumb|400px|Map of the world according to Strabo Strabo refers to his Geography within it by several names: geōgraphia, "description of the earth" chōrographia, "description of the land" periēgēsis, "an outline" periodos gēs, "circuit of the earth" periodeia tēs chōrās, "circuit of the land" Apart from the "outline", two words recur, "earth" and "country." Something of a theorist, Strabo explains what he means by Geography and Chorography:It is the sea more than anything else that defines the contours of the land (geōgraphei) and gives it its shape, by forming gulfs, deep seas, straits and likewise isthmuses, peninsulas, and promontories; but both the rivers and the mountains assist the seas herein. It is through such natural features that we gain a clear conception of continents, nations, favourable positions of cities and all the other diversified details with which our geographical map (chorographikos pinax) is filled. From this description it is clear that by geography Strabo means ancient physical geography and by chorography, political geography. The two are combined in this work, which makes a "circuit of the earth" detailing the physical and political features. Strabo often uses the adjective geōgraphika with reference to the works of others and to geography in general, but not of his own work. In the Middle Ages it became the standard name used of his work.