Gobiidae
Also known as Gobies, Gobiids, Goby fish, Goby
Gobiidae or gobies is a family of bony fish in the order Gobiiformes, one of the largest fish families comprising over 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. Most of gobiid fish are relatively small, typically less than in length, and the family includes some of the smallest vertebrates in the world, such as Trimmatom nanus and Pandaka pygmaea. Trimmatom nanus are under long when fully grown, while the Pandaka pygmaea standard length is , with a maximum known standard length of . Some large gobies can reach over in length, but that is exceptional. Generally, they are benthic or bottom-dwellers
AI overview
Gobies are a huge family of bony fish with over 2,000 species, most of which are small bottom-dwellers found in various aquatic environments. They're scientifically significant because the family includes some of the smallest vertebrates in the world, while also demonstrating the remarkable size diversity that can exist within a single fish family.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Species
gobies
Gobiidae
FAMILY
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumChordata
- ClassTeleostei
- OrderPerciformes
- FamilyGobiidae
Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater
虾虎鱼即指鱼类分类学鰕虎目中的虾虎鱼科（Gobiidae），又作鰕虎科。它是鱼类中最大的科之一，已知品種超过2000种。绝大多数体型細小，一般短于10厘米。世界上最短小的脊椎動物要數微蝦虎魚（Trimmatom nanus）和矮蝦虎魚（Pandaka pygmaea）也屬虾虎鱼科，它们成大后也短于1厘米。体型较大的虾虎魚有拟虾虎鱼（Gobioides）种类和斑駁尖塘鱧，体长可達30厘米，但這是少有的例外。尽管虾虎鱼本身不是人们的重要食物来源，但它们却是许多经济鱼类（如鳕鱼、黑线鳕、黑鲈和比目鱼等）的重要食糧。有些虾虎鱼还是很受水族馆欢迎的种类，如短虾虎鱼屬（Brachygobius）的种类等。 虾虎鱼类最突出的形态特征就是其腹鳍愈合成一吸盘状。该吸盘的功能与鮣的背鳍吸盘和圆鳍鱼科的腹鳍吸盘类似，但在解剖上是十分不同的结构，因此只是趋同进化的结果。经常可以看到野生的虾虎鱼以吸盘吸附在岩石或珊瑚上，在水族箱中它们也很乐意吸在鱼缸的玻璃上。 虾虎鱼基本上生存于浅海环境，包括潮间带水坑、珊瑚礁和海草牧场，也大量存在于海水和河口栖息地，包括河流下游、红树林湿地和盐沼地。只有少数种类可完全适应于淡水环境，當中包括亚洲河流中的吻虾虎鱼屬（Rhinogobius）、澳大利亚沙漠的雷虾虎鱼（Redigobius）及欧洲的淡水虾虎鱼（Padagobius martensii）。 目录 1 分类 2 共生现象 3 塘鳢 4 参考文献 5 外部链接 分类 主条目：虾虎鱼科分类表 虾虎鱼科的分类经历了重大修正[1]，虾虎鱼亚目下原有几个独立的科：蚓鰕虎科（Microdesmidae）、沙鰕虎科（Kraemeriidae）及辛氏鱼科（Schindleriidae）目前都被并入本科。 相反的，本科除了原有的虾虎鱼亚科（Gobiinae）保持不变外，以下四个过去曾归类于本科的亚科均已被独立出来成为另外一科，即背眼虾虎鱼科（Oxudercidae）： 近盲虾虎鱼亚科（Amblyopinae）：如鳗虾虎鱼类（Taenioides）、狼牙虾虎鱼类（Odontamblyopus）。俗称「奶鱼」。 拟虾虎鱼亚科（Gobionellinae） 背眼虾虎鱼亚科（Oxudercinae）：如弹涂鱼类。中国过去称此亚科為「弹涂鱼科（Periophthalmidae）」，与虾虎鱼科并列归入虾虎鱼亚目当中。现已并入虾虎鱼科作为一亚科。 胸鳍基底发达成臂状，在陆上充当行动器官。眼背位，靠近，突出，下眼睑发达。下颌牙仅一排。 双盘虾虎鱼亚科（Sicydiinae） 虾虎鱼类由于非主流经济鱼类，因此受人们关注不及其它的大型鱼类。也由于其多样性极为丰富、某些种屬间形态相近，鉴别难度大，因此对于其分类，尤其是屬内及屬间分类尚存在一些争议。本科鱼类估计尚有不少未被描述和定名的物种有待人们发现。（详见虾虎鱼科分类表） 共生现
via GBIF
Article
20 sectionsContents
- Description
- Distribution and habitat
- Subfamilies
- Benthophilinae
- Gobiinae
- Ecology and biology
- Reproduction
- Behavior
- Burrow construction
- Kleptogamy
- Sex change
- Sex determination
- Navigation
- Habitat choice
- Symbiosis
- Commercial importance
- In the aquarium
- See also
- References
- External links
Gobiidae or gobies is a family of bony fish in the order Gobiiformes, one of the largest fish families comprising over 2,000 species in more than 200 genera. Most of gobiid fish are relatively small, typically less than in length, and the family includes some of the smallest vertebrates in the world, such as Trimmatom nanus and Pandaka pygmaea. Trimmatom nanus are under long when fully grown, while the Pandaka pygmaea standard length is , with a maximum known standard length of . Some large gobies can reach over in length, but that is exceptional. Generally, they are benthic or bottom-dwellers. Although few are important as food fish for humans, they are of great significance as prey species for other commercially important fish such as cod, haddock, sea bass and flatfish. Several gobiids are also of interest as aquarium fish, such as the dartfish of the genus Ptereleotris. Phylogenetic relationships of gobiids have been studied using molecular data.
Fossils of gobiids date back to the Early Oligocene.