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hornbill

Also known as Bucerotidae, hornbills, bucerotids

thumb|Illustration of Hornbills, c.1835-1840

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Species

hornbills

Family

PhylumChordata
ClassAves
OrderCoraciiformes
FamilyBucerotidae

弯嘴犀鸟属的黄嘴犀鸟犀鸟科（学名：Bucerotidae），在动物分类学上是鸟纲佛法僧目中的一个科。在一些分类系统中，本科鸟类也常被单独列为犀鸟目(Bucerotiformes)。特征犀鸟是一種珍貴而漂亮的大型鳥類，嘴的長度占了身長的1/3到一半，在它的頭上長有一個銅盔狀的突起，叫做盔突，就好像犀牛角一樣，因而得名犀鳥。犀鸟体长约75厘米；背面羽毛纯黑，具绿色金属光泽；翼缘和飞羽先端白色。习性犀鸟科为杂食性鸟类，以水果、昆虫和小型脊椎动物为食。它們一般喜歡棲息在密林深處的參天大樹（如熱帶雨林茂密的樹）上，吃的是樹上的果實，還有昆蟲等等。在繁殖季節多成對活動，而在非繁殖季節則大群活動。每年夏天，成對的犀鳥，會選擇高大樹幹的洞穴作巢產卵。產完卵後的它們就把洞口堵上，只留下一個可以使雌鳥伸出嘴尖的小洞。這樣起到保護雌鳥並使其安心孵化小犀鳥的作用。而雄犀鳥則負責為妻子和小鳥不斷的提供充足的食物，保證雌鳥的營養和滿足小犀鳥生長發育的需要。分布犀鸟科共有约57种，分布在非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地区和南亚、东南亚的热带地区，其中六个种在中国有分布。中國的犀鳥大多生活在雲南西南部如猛臘縣，金平縣，以及廣西南部，有白喉犀鳥，棕頸犀鳥，冠斑犀鳥，雙角犀鳥四種，均為國家二級保護動物。千多年前的香港，曾經是熱帶雨林，均可能是犀鳥的分佈地。現時在香港公園、九龍公園、海洋公園、香港動植物公園飼養的犀鳥。前兩者所養的是雙角犀鳥，後者為紅喙犀鳥。维基共享资源中相關的多媒體資源：犀鸟科（分類）维基物种中的分类信息：犀鸟科规范控制 AAT: 300258385 NDL: 00570037 取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=犀鸟科&oldid=51655132” 分类：犀鳥科佛法僧目隐藏分类：物种微格式条目含有拉丁語的條目包含AAT标识符的维基百科条目包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目

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Wikidata facts

Image: Tockus flavirostris -Discovery Cove -Orlando-8.jpg

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Commons category: Bucerotidae
taxon name: Bucerotidae
Commons gallery: Bucerotidae
taxon common name: hornfuglfamilien

Sources (3)

via Wikidata · CC0

~18 min read

Article

14 sections

Contents

Description
Distribution and habitat
Behaviour and ecology
Diet
Breeding
Associations with other species
Taxonomy
Fossil record
Cultural significance
Status and conservation
In popular culture
References
Further reading
External links

thumb|Illustration of Hornbills, c.1835-1840

Hornbills are birds found in tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia and Melanesia of the family Bucerotidae. They are characterized by a long, down-curved bill which is frequently brightly coloured and sometimes has a horny casque on the upper mandible. Hornbills have a two-lobed kidney. They are the only birds in which the first and second neck vertebrae (the atlas and axis respectively) are fused together; this probably provides a more stable platform for carrying the bill. The family is omnivorous, feeding on fruit and small animals. They are monogamous breeders nesting in natural cavities in trees and sometimes cliffs. A number of mainly insular species of hornbill with small ranges are threatened with extinction, mainly in Southeast Asia.