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ketone

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Also known as ketones

In organic chemistry, a ketone is an organic compound with the structure , where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula . Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.

AI overview

A ketone is a type of organic compound built around a carbon-oxygen double bond, with carbon atoms attached on either side of that bond. Ketones are important because they appear widely in nature and industry—showing up in sugars, hormones like testosterone, and useful solvents like acetone.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Research

155,769 papers

Ketone Bodies in Diabetes Mellitus: Friend or Foe?ReviewNutrients · 2023Veneti S, Grammatikopoulou MG, Kintiraki E et al.DOI: 10.3390/nu15204383
Cardiac ketone body metabolism.ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2020Abdul Kadir A, Clarke K, Evans RDDOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165739
Ketone metabolites in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease progression: optimizing keto-therapeutic strategies.ReviewAmerican journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Kelty TJ, Krause AA, Rector RSDOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00178.2025
Continuous Dual Glucose-Ketone Monitoring.ReviewDiabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Durnwald C, Polsky SDOI: 10.1089/dia.2025.0300
Ketone Bodies and Cardiovascular Disease: An Alternate Fuel Source to the Rescue.ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Manolis AS, Manolis TA, Manolis AADOI: 10.3390/ijms24043534
Exogenous ketone supplementation: an emerging tool for physiologists with potential as a metabolic therapy.ReviewExperimental physiology · 2023Falkenhain K, Islam H, Little JPDOI: 10.1113/EP090430
Utility of Ketone Supplementation to Enhance Physical Performance: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Margolis LM, O'Fallon KSDOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz104
Exogenous Ketone Supplementation and Ketogenic Diets for Exercise: Considering the Effect on Skeletal Muscle Metabolism.ReviewNutrients · 2023Khouri H, Ussher JR, Aguer CDOI: 10.3390/nu15194228

Wikidata facts

Show 3 more facts

Commons category: Ketones
SMARTS notation: [#6][CX3](=O)[#6]
canonical SMILES: [*]C([*])=O

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~16 min read

Article

21 sections

Contents

Nomenclature and etymology
Structure and bonding
Classes of ketones
Diketones
Unsaturated ketones
Cyclic ketones
Characterization
Spectroscopy
Qualitative organic tests
Reactions
Keto-enol tautomerization
Acid/base properties of ketones
Nucleophilic additions
Oxidation
Other reactions
Biochemistry
Applications
Toxicity
See also
References
External links

In organic chemistry, a ketone is an organic compound with the structure , where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula . Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.

==Nomenclature and etymology== The word ketone is derived from Aketon, an old German word for acetone.

Gallery (11)

Categories

Functional groups Ketones