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Louis-Philippe I

Also known as King of the French Louis Philippe, Citizen King, King of the French Louis-Philippe, Louis Philippe, King of the French, Louis Philippe, Louis-Philippe, Duke of Orleans, Louis Philippe I

King of the French from 1830 to 1848 (1773-1850)

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Louis-Philippe I was a French king who ruled from 1830 to 1848, taking power after the previous monarchy was overthrown. He matters historically because his reign represented a middle-ground attempt between absolute monarchy and democracy, though it ultimately ended when he was forced to abdicate during the 1848 revolution.

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Louis Philippe I (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850), nicknamed the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, the penultimate monarch of France, the last French monarch to bear the title "King", and the only French monarch to descend from the Orléans branch of the Bourbon family. He abdicated from his throne during the French Revolution of 1848, which led to the foundation of the French Second Republic.

Louis Philippe was the eldest son of Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (later known as Philippe Égalité). As Duke of Chartres, the younger Louis Philippe distinguished himself commanding troops during the French Revolutionary Wars and was promoted to lieutenant general by the age of 19, but broke with the First French Republic over its decision to execute King Louis XVI. He fled to Switzerland in 1793 after being connected with a plot to restore France's monarchy. His father fell under suspicion and was executed during the Reign of Terror.