Mantodea
Also known as Mantoptera, praying mantises, mantises
Mantises are an order (Mantodea) of insects that contains over 2,400 species in about 460 genera in 33 families. The largest family is the Mantidae ("mantids"). Mantises are distributed worldwide in temperate and tropical habitats. They have triangular heads with bulging eyes supported on flexible necks. Their elongated bodies may or may not have wings, but all mantodeans have forelegs that are greatly enlarged and adapted for catching and gripping prey; their upright posture, while remaining stationary with forearms folded, resembling a praying posture, has led to the common name praying mant
AI overview
Mantodea is an order of insects containing over 2,400 species found worldwide in temperate and tropical regions, characterized by their distinctive triangular heads, flexible necks, and enlarged front legs designed for catching prey. These insects are notable for their praying-like posture and are important members of their ecosystems, with the largest family group being the mantids (Mantidae).
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Species
Mantodea
ORDER
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumArthropoda
- ClassInsecta
- OrderMantodea
本文介紹的是昆虫纲动物螳螂。關於其他同名条目，請見「螳螂 (消歧义)」。 科 缺爪螳科 Chaeteessidae 金螳科 Metallyticidae 类螳科 Mantoididae 怪螳科 Amorphoscelidae 方额螳螂科 Eremiaphilidae 花螳科 Hymenopodidae 螳螂科 Mantidae 锥头螳科 Empusidae 螳螂（学名：Mantodea），因前肢发达有力呈镰刀状，又称刀螂、蜛蚥（音同“居斧”），是昆虫纲螳螂目昆蟲的通称，目前世界上约有1800～2000种，分布於世界各地。 目录 1 特徵 2 人类认知 3 瀕危品種 4 文化 5 圖集 6 参考文献 7 参看 8 外部链接 特徵 一只正在扑食蜜蜂的螳螂 螳螂是一种中大型肉食性昆蟲。其体态特征如下： 前肢呈鐮刀形，長而有力，上有非常锋利的尖刺，捕食时能牢牢抓住獵物。 口器強而有力，能輕易咬破并咀嚼獵物。 消化系統強力，能够完全吞食消化獵物(包括昆蟲堅固的外骨骼)（这样的肉食性昆蟲属于少数）。螳螂食性挑剔，只捕食活的獵物。飼養螳螂时，如果捉不到活的昆蟲，可以用針線綁上生豬肉、牛肉、魚肉、雞肉等肉类在螳螂面前晃動，螳螂會把肉塊當成獵物捕食。螳螂跟其他昆蟲一樣，視力很差，所以看不清楚眼前其實是針線串著的肉塊。 體型修長，通常扁平。頭部呈三角形，可自由轉動。 複眼突出，單眼通常有3個。觸角長、呈絲狀，由多个節构成。 前胸長，可自由轉動，有些个体往兩側擴展。 翅膀有4翼，覆蓋在腹部，某些种类，特別是雌蟲，翅膀變小或退化。翅脈複雜，前翅通常稍短於後翅，較粗厚。 蹠節通常有5節，末端2爪，有些个体股節和脛節外緣向外延伸。 腹部長，呈圓筒形。 螳螂是一种不完全變態的昆虫，各階段生活史習性相似。雄蟲飛行能力較佳，觸角較發達，腹部通常有8節，體型較小；雌蟲腹部則有6節，體型通常較大。 在黑暗中，螳螂眼睛通常呈現黑色。 人类认知 寬腹螳螂 相较于其它昆虫，园丁们更喜欢螳螂，因为它们能消灭大部分有害的昆虫。因此，螳螂可以作為一種生物防治手段在不使用农药的有机园艺中使用，螳螂的卵鞘在一般的园艺商店均有出售。 绝大部分种类的螳螂行动较为缓慢，不像其它敏捷的昆虫(如蟑螂)能快速行動。但它们拥有保护色，且有着出色的拟物形态，它们能够模仿叶子晃动的姿态前进，慢慢地接近獵物。一旦獵物到達可攻击的範圍内，螳螂就会極快地進攻。一般情況下，螳螂都是以伏擊的方式捕捉獵物。 螳螂捕食斐斯眉眼蝶（Mycalesis perseus） 螳螂通常以其他種類昆蟲為食，但有报導敘述螳螂也吃小型脊椎动物，例如： 较小的蜥蜴、老鼠、蛇、蛙、小型淡水魚或蜂鸟之類的小型鳥類[1]。自然学家Gerald Durrell在他的自传《茄子與碎肉》中记述了一场螳螂和壁虎的大战。個別品種的螳螂，如蘭花螳螂，由於外形與體色跟蘭花相似，所
via GBIF
Research
363 papersArticle
24 sectionsContents
- Etymology
- Taxonomy and evolution
- Phylogeny
- External
- Internal
- Fossil mantises
- Similar insects in the [[Neuroptera]]
- Biology
- Anatomy
- Vision
- Diet and hunting
- Antipredator adaptations
- Reproduction and life history
- Sexual cannibalism
- Relationship with humans
- In culture, literature and art
- Martial arts
- In mythology and religion
- As pets
- For pest control
- Robotics
- See also
- References
- External links
Mantises are an order (Mantodea) of insects that contains over 2,400 species in about 460 genera in 33 families. The largest family is the Mantidae ("mantids"). Mantises are distributed worldwide in temperate and tropical habitats. They have triangular heads with bulging eyes supported on flexible necks. Their elongated bodies may or may not have wings, but all mantodeans have forelegs that are greatly enlarged and adapted for catching and gripping prey; their upright posture, while remaining stationary with forearms folded, resembling a praying posture, has led to the common name praying mantis.
The closest relatives of mantises are termites and cockroaches (Blattodea), which are all within the superorder Dictyoptera. Mantises are sometimes confused with stick insects (Phasmatodea), other elongated insects such as grasshoppers (Orthoptera), or other more distantly related insects with raptorial forelegs such as mantisflies (Mantispidae). Mantises are mostly ambush predators, but a few ground-dwelling species are found actively pursuing their prey. They normally live for about a year. In cooler climates, the adults lay eggs in autumn, then die. The eggs are protected by their hard capsules and hatch in the spring. Females sometimes practice sexual cannibalism, eating their mates after copulation.