meldonium

Also known as Mildronate, 3-(2,2,2-Trimethyldiazaniumyl)propanoate, 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-1,1,1-trimethyldiazanium, 3-(2,2,2-Trimethylhydrazine)propionate

Key facts

Drug.IUPAC_name: 2-(2-Carboxylato-ethyl)-1,1,1-trimethylhydrazinium
Drug.image: Meldonium.svg
Drug.image_class: skin-invert-image
Drug.image2: Meldonium-from-xtal-3D-bs-17.png
Drug.image_class2: bg-transparent
Drug.tradename: Mildronate, Mildronāts
Drug.legal_US: Unscheduled
Drug.CAS_number: 76144-81-5
Drug.ATC_prefix: C01
Drug.ATC_suffix: EB22
Drug.PubChem: 123868
Drug.ChemSpiderID: 110405
Drug.UNII: 73H7UDN6EC
Drug.ChEBI: 131843
Drug.KEGG: D10504
Drug.synonyms: THP, MET-8 Mildronāts or
Drug.C: 6
Drug.H: 14

via Wikipedia infobox

Chemical data

Formula: C6H14N2O2
Molecular weight: 146.19 g/mol
IUPAC name: 3-[(trimethylazaniumyl)amino]propanoate
SMILES: C[N+](C)(C)NCCC(=O)[O-]
InChIKey: PVBQYTCFVWZSJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP: -2.1
Polar surface area: 52.2 Å²
H-bond donors: 1
H-bond acceptors: 3
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

302 papers

Meldonium Supplementation in Professional Athletes: Career Destroyer or Lifesaver?Cureus · 2024
[Meldonium: current and emerging therapeutic applications].Postepy biochemii · 2025
Meldonium, as a potential neuroprotective agent, promotes neuronal survival by protecting mitochondria in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Journal of translational medicine · 2024
Story behind meldonium-from pharmacology to performance enhancement: a narrative review.British journal of sports medicine · 2017
Meldonium (Mildronate): A Performance-Enhancing Drug?Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2016

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Mass: 146.106

Show 4 more facts

canonical SMILES: C[N+](C)(C)NCCC(=O)[O-]
chemical formula: C₆H₁₄N₂O₂
World Health Organisation international non-proprietary name: meldonium
Commons category: Meldonium

Sources (3)

via Wikidata · CC0

~19 min read

Article

14 sections

Contents

Medical uses
Available forms
Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Biochemistry
Chemistry
Society and culture
Doping
Affected athletes
Debates
Approval status
Economics
See also
References

Meldonium (INN; trade name Mildronate, among others) is a pharmaceutical developed in 1970 by Ivars Kalviņš at the USSR Latvia Institute of Organic Synthesis. It is now manufactured by the Latvian pharmaceutical company Grindeks and various generic producers. Primarily distributed in Eastern Europe, meldonium is used as an anti-ischemia medication.

Meldonium is prescribed for cardiovascular, neurological, and metabolic conditions due to its anti-ischaemic and cardioprotective effects, achieved by inhibiting β-oxidation and activating glycolysis. Athletes have used meldonium to enhance recovery and (controversially) performance, though these claims lack robust scientific support.