Montoneros
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Montoneros (, MPM) was an Argentine far-left revolutionary guerilla organization which emerged in the 1970s during the "Argentine Revolution" dictatorship. The Montoneros advocated a composite ideology of Revolutionary Peronism, Falangism and Camilism, and were officially Roman Catholic. Its name was a reference to the 19th-century cavalry militias called Montoneras, which fought for the Federalist Party in the Argentine civil wars. Radicalized by the political repression of anti-Peronist regimes, the influence of the Cuban Revolution and liberation theology worker-priests, the Montoneros emer
Key facts
- Militant organization.motives
- Before 6 September 1974: Return of Juan Perón to power and establishment of a socialist state in Argentina After 6 September 1974: Establishment of a socialist state according to the Tendencia Revolucionaria ideology
- Militant organization.area
- Argentina
- Militant organization.ideology
- Peronist Revolutionary TendencyFalangismCamilismCatholic nationalismLiberation theologyCatholic socialism
- Militant organization.position
- Far-left
- Militant organization.attacks
- Kidnapping and execution of Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, assassination of José Ignacio Rucci, Operation Primicia, raids on military barracks
- Militant organization.status
- Decree 261 by Isabel Perón considered it a subversive group and ordered its annihilation. The group was harassed by the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance until 1975 and utterly defeated by the military dictatorship by 1981.
- Militant organization.flag
- frameless
- Militant organization.name
- Montoneros
- Militant organization.other_name
- MPM
- Militant organization.native_name
- Movimiento Peronista Montonero
- Militant organization.logo
- Seal of Montoneros.svg
- Militant organization.predecessor
- Comando Camilo Torres (1967-1970)
- Militant organization.allies
- 25px ERP20px FAL (merged in 1973)FSLN
- Militant organization.size
- ~10,000 ~120,000
- Militant organization.slogan
- Before 6 September 1974:Perón o muerte (English: Perón or death)After 6 September 1974:Patria o muerte(English: Fatherland or death)
- Militant organization.caption
- Official seal of Montoneros
- Militant organization.dates
- 1970–1983
- Militant organization.leader
- Mario Firmenich
via Wikipedia infobox
~76 min read
Encyclopedic overview
23 sectionsContents
- Ideology
- Liberation theology
- Camilism
- Revolutionary Peronism
- Social conservatism
- Right-wing influences
- Women and their participation
- Relations with Perón
- Revolutionary Justice Code
- Montoneros press
- History
- From 1970 to Videla's military dictatorship
- 1974
- 1975
- Seaborne attacks
- 1976
- Under Jorge Videla's junta
- Members
- Estimate of the number of guerrilla fighters
- See also
- References
- Sources
- External links
Montoneros (, MPM) was an Argentine far-left revolutionary guerilla organization which emerged in the 1970s during the "Argentine Revolution" dictatorship. The Montoneros advocated a composite ideology of Revolutionary Peronism, Falangism and Camilism, and were officially Roman Catholic. Its name was a reference to the 19th-century cavalry militias called Montoneras, which fought for the Federalist Party in the Argentine civil wars. Radicalized by the political repression of anti-Peronist regimes, the influence of the Cuban Revolution and liberation theology worker-priests, the Montoneros emerged from the 1960s Catholic revolutionary guerrilla Comando Camilo Torres as a "national liberation movement", and became a convergence of revolutionary Peronism, Guevarism, and the revolutionary Catholicism of Juan García Elorrio shaped by Camilism. They fought for the return of Juan Perón to Argentina and the establishment of "Christian national socialism", based on 'indigenous' Argentine and Catholic socialism, seen as the ultimate conclusion of Peronist doctrine.
Its first public action took place on 29 May 1970, with the kidnapping, subsequent revolutionary trial and assassination of the anti-Peronist ex-dictator Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, one of the leaders of the 1955 coup that had overthrown the constitutional government led by President Juan Domingo Perón. Montoneros kidnapped the ex-dictator to put him on "revolutionary trial" for being a traitor to the homeland, for having shot 27 people to suppress the 1956 Valle uprising, and to recover the body of Eva Perón that Aramburu had kidnapped and made disappear. Montoneros was the armed nucleus of a set of non-military social organizations ("mass fronts") known as the Tendencia Revolucionaria del Peronismo, or simply "La Tendencia", which included the Juventud Peronista Regionales (JP), the Juventud Universitaria Peronista (JUP), the Juventud Trabajadora Peronista (JTP), the Unión de Estudiantes Secundarios (UES), the Agrupación Evita and the Movimiento Villero Peronista.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Montoneros” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.