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NATO

Also known as NATO Alliance, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, North Atlantic Alliance, North Atlantic Treaty Organization

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an intergovernmental military alliance between 32 member states—30 in Europe and two in North America. Founded in the aftermath of World War II, NATO was established with the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty in 1949. The organization serves as a system of collective security, whereby its independent member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any outside party. This is enshrined in Article 5 of the treaty, which states that an armed attack against one member shall be considered an attack against them all.

AI overview

NATO is a military alliance of 32 countries (mostly in Europe, plus the United States and Canada) founded in 1949 after World War II to provide collective security among its members. Under NATO's core principle, known as Article 5, an attack on any one member is treated as an attack on all of them, binding the alliance together for mutual defense.

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Key facts

Organization.name: North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Organization.native_name_lang: fr
Organization.logo: NATO OTAN landscape logo.svg
Organization.logo_size: 175px
Organization.logo_caption: Logo
Organization.image: NATO flag.svgborder
Organization.image_size: 150px
Organization.caption: Flag
Organization.msize: 250px
Organization.mcaption: Member states shown in dark green

~40 min read

Article

28 sections

Contents

History
20th century
21st century
Military operations
Early operations
Bosnia and Herzegovina intervention
Kosovo intervention
War in Afghanistan
Iraq training mission
Gulf of Aden anti-piracy
Libya intervention
Turkish border
Eastern flank
Membership
Special arrangements
Enlargement
NATO defence expenditure
Direct contributions
Indirect contributions
Partnerships with third countries
Structure
Legal authority of NATO commanders
See also
Similar organizations
References
Works cited
Further reading
External links

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an intergovernmental military alliance between 32 member states—30 in Europe and two in North America. Founded in the aftermath of World War II, NATO was established with the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty in 1949. The organization serves as a system of collective security and deterrence, whereby its independent members agree to defend each-other from attack by any outside party. This is enshrined in Article 5 of the treaty, which states that an armed attack against the territory of one member shall be considered an attack against them all.

Throughout the Cold War, NATO's primary purpose was to deter and counter the threat posed by the Soviet Union and its satellite states, which formed the rival Warsaw Pact. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the alliance adapted. NATO undertook its first military intervention in the Bosnian War (1992–1995); with a United Nations mandate, it enforced a no-fly zone and defended UN safe zones. NATO also intervened in the Kosovo War (1999), bombing Yugoslav forces to prevent ethnic cleansing. Article 5 was invoked for the only time, by the United States, after the September 11 attacks, leading to NATO involvement in Afghanistan (2001–2014) as part of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF). In 2011, NATO intervened in the Libyan civil war, with a UN mandate to enforce a no-fly zone and protect civilians. The alliance has since been involved in training Iraq's military and countering piracy.