Perciformes
Also known as Percomorphi, perch-likes
Perciformes (), also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha. Perciformes means "perch-like". Among the well-known members of this group are perches and darters (Percidae), and also sea basses (Serranidae). This order contains many familiar freshwater temperate and tropical marine fish groups, but also extremophiles that have successfully colonized both the North and South Poles, as well as the deepest depths of the ocean.
AI overview
Perciformes is a large group of ray-finned fish that includes familiar species like perches, darters, and sea basses, and gets its name from its resemblance to perches. This order is significant because it contains fish adapted to nearly every aquatic environment on Earth, from polar regions to the deepest ocean depths, as well as freshwater and tropical seas.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Species
abborrartade fiskar
Perciformes
ORDER
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumChordata
- ClassTeleostei
- OrderPerciformes
Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater
注意：本页面含有Unihan新版用字：「䲗」。有关字符可能會错误显示，詳见Unicode扩展汉字。 鲈形目（学名：Perciformes）是輻鰭魚纲中的一个目，在鱼类传统分类法中，有40%的鱼属于鲈形目，因此它传统中是脊椎动物中最大的目，共有超过7000多个不同的种，其形状、大小各异，在几乎所有的水中生态环境都有出现。最早的已知的鲈形目化石是白垩纪晚期出现的，从那个时候开始这个目的动物就开始分歧演变了。 目录 1 形态 2 分类 2.1 内部分类 2.2 种系发生学 2.3 传统分类 3 常见俗称 4 参考资料 5 外部链接 形态 鲈形目鱼通常有两个背鳍，腹鳍和臀鳍一般分为数束前硬后软的鳍，这些鳍可能部分或者完全连在一起。腹鳍一般有一根针，后面可以达五根软的鳍面，腹鳍可能位于喉部或者位于腹部。鳞一般为栉状的，但有时也有圆的或其它变形。除此之外还有一些其它的分类上的技术特征。 分类 鲈形目的分类有较大的更动。传统上它是一个併系群的分类。假如使用單系群的分类方法的话鲉形目、鲀形目和鰈形目应该为鲈形目的亚目。而鲈形目的亚目中也有一些是併系群的。 为了解决其中存在的并系群问题，一些鱼类分类学者[3][1][2]倾向于将庞大的传统鲈形目拆分成多个较小的目。例如，依鱼类分类学研究网站deepfin.org的分类法，整个传统的鲈形目及其探亲被提升归类为棘鳍类之下的鲈形亚类真鲈形系。鲈形亚类是分类层级是介于纲与目之间“亚类”（subdivision），依系统发生学的研究分成9个系，再细分成不同的总目、目、亚目及下目等，共有30个目，相当于传统的鲈形总目，而真鲈形系包括狭义的鲈形目等共16个目161科，与传统上广义的鲈形目相当。 内部分类 依据2017年发表的《硬骨鱼支序分类法》，狭义的鲈形目共61个科，包含了传统鲉形目等多个科在内，可归类成9个亚目[3][1][2]： 鲬状鱼亚目 Bembropoidei 鲬状鱼科 Bembropidae 杜父鱼亚目 Cottoidei 裸盖鱼下目 Anoplopomatales 裸盖鱼科 Anoplopomatidae 杜父鱼下目 Cottales 八角鱼科 Agonidae 杜父魚科 Cottidae 圆鳍鱼科 Cyclopteridae 乔氏杜父鱼科 Jordaniidae 狮子鱼科 Liparidae 隐棘杜父鱼科 Psychrolutidae 钩吻杜父鱼科 Rhamphocottidae（包含旋杜父鱼科 Ereuniidae） 鲉杜父鱼科 Scorpaenichthyidae 毛齿鱼科 Trichodontidae 棘背鱼下目 Gasterosteales 管吻鱼科 Aulorhynchidae 棘背鱼科 Gasterosteidae 裸玉筋鱼科 Hypoptychidae 六线鱼下目 Hexagrammales 六线鱼科 Hex
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Article
7 sectionsContents
- Taxonomy
- Evolution
- Classification
- Present classification
- Past classifications
- Characteristics
- References
Perciformes (), also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha. Perciformes means "perch-like". Among the well-known members of this group are perches and darters (Percidae), and also sea basses (Serranidae). This order contains many familiar freshwater temperate and tropical marine fish groups, but also extremophiles that have successfully colonized both the North and South Poles, as well as the deepest depths of the ocean.
== Taxonomy == Formerly, this group was thought to be even more diverse than it is thought to be now, containing about 41% of all bony fish (about 10,000 species) and about 160 families, which is the most of any order within the vertebrates. However, many of these other families have since been reclassified within their own orders within the clade Percomorpha, significantly reducing the size of the group. In contrast to this splitting, other groups formerly considered distinct, such as the Scorpaeniformes, are now classified in the Perciformes.