File:Anhydrous_Liquid_Phosgene.png · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
phosgene
Sign in to saveAlso known as carbon oxychloride, carbonyl chloride, carbonyl dichloride, chloroformyl chloride, Carbonic dichloride, COCl2, Dichloroformaldehyde, Carbon dichloride oxide
Phosgene is an organic chemical compound with the formula . It is a toxic, colorless gas; in low concentrations, its musty odor resembles that of freshly cut hay or grass. It can be thought of chemically as the double acyl chloride analog of carbonic acid, or structurally as formaldehyde with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorine atoms. In 2013, about 75–80 % of global phosgene was consumed for isocyanates, 18% for polycarbonates and about 5% for other fine chemicals.
Phosgene is a toxic, colorless gas that smells like freshly cut hay or grass at low concentrations and is primarily used in industrial chemical manufacturing. Most of the world's phosgene production goes into making isocyanates and polycarbonates, which are important materials for various consumer and industrial products.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Chemical data
- Formula
- CCl2O
- Molecular weight
- 98.91 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- carbonyl dichloride
- SMILES
- C(=O)(Cl)Cl
- InChIKey
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- XLogP
- 1.8
- Polar surface area
- 17.1 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 0
- H-bond acceptors
- 1
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Research
1,039 papers- Phosgene-Induced acute lung injury: Approaches for mechanism-based treatment strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Cao C, Zhang L, Shen JDOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917395
- Phosgene: toxicology, animal models, and medical countermeasures.ReviewToxicology mechanisms and methods · 2021Hobson ST, Richieri RA, Parseghian MHDOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1885544
- Phosgene inhalation toxicity: Update on mechanisms and mechanism-based treatment strategies.ReviewToxicology · 2021Pauluhn JDOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152682
- [(11)C]phosgene: Synthesis and application for development of PET radiotracers.ReviewNuclear medicine and biology · 2021Fukumura T, Mori W, Ogawa M et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.04.007
- Mechanism of Phosgene-Induced Acute Lung Injury and Treatment Strategy.ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Lu Q, Huang S, Meng X et al.DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010933
- Phosgene oxime: a highly toxic urticant and emerging chemical threat.ReviewToxicology mechanisms and methods · 2021Singh SK, Klein JA, Wright HN et al.DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1861670
- Phosgene oxime: Injury and associated mechanisms compared to vesicating agents sulfur mustard and lewisite.ReviewToxicology letters · 2018Goswami DG, Agarwal R, Tewari-Singh NDOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.11.011
- Pentoxifylline inhibits phosgene-induced lung injury via improving hypoxia.Drug and chemical toxicology · 2023Zhang XD, Yu WH, Liu MM et al.DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2131811
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
- Mass
- 97.933
Show 14 more facts
- NIOSH Pocket Guide ID
- 0504
- Commons category
- Phosgene
- boiling point
- 8
- density
- 1.43
- immediately dangerous to life or health
- 8.1
- melting point
- -127.9
- vapor pressure
- 1.6
- ionization energy
- 11.40
- time-weighted average exposure limit
- 0.4
- ceiling exposure limit
- 0.8
- canonical SMILES
- C(=O)(Cl)Cl
- chemical formula
- CCl₂O
- MCN code
- 2812.11.00
- electric dipole moment
- 1.17
Sources (7)
via Wikidata · CC0
~14 min read
Article
17 sectionsContents
- Structure and basic properties
- Production
- Inadvertent generation
- Atmospheric chemistry
- Combustion
- Biologically
- History
- Reactions and uses
- Laboratory uses
- Alternatives to phosgene
- Other reactions
- Chemical warfare
- Toxicology and safety
- Accidents
- See also
- References
- External links
Phosgene is an organic chemical compound with the formula . It is a toxic, colorless gas; in low concentrations, its musty odor resembles that of freshly cut hay or grass. It can be thought of chemically as the double acyl chloride analog of carbonic acid, or structurally as formaldehyde with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorine atoms. In 2013, about 75–80 % of global phosgene was consumed for isocyanates, 18% for polycarbonates and about 5% for other fine chemicals.
Phosgene is extremely poisonous and was used as a chemical weapon during World War I, where it was responsible for 85,000 deaths. It is a highly potent pulmonary irritant and quickly filled enemy trenches due to it being a heavy gas.