Pinaceae
Also known as pine family, pines, spruces, firs, cedars, larches
The Pinaceae, or pine family, are conifer trees or shrubs, including many of the well-known conifers of commercial importance such as cedars, firs, hemlocks, larches, pines, and spruces. The family is included in the order Pinales, formerly known as Coniferales. Pinaceae have distinctive cones with woody scales bearing typically two ovules, and are supported as monophyletic by both morphological trait and genetic analysis. They are the largest extant conifer family in species diversity, with between 220 and 250 species (depending on taxonomic opinion) in 11 genera, and the second-largest (afte
AI overview
Pinaceae is the pine family, a group of conifer trees and shrubs that includes many commercially important species like pines, firs, spruces, and cedars. It's the largest conifer family by species diversity, containing between 220 and 250 species, and is recognized by distinctive woody cones and supported by both physical and genetic evidence as a unified evolutionary group.
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Species
Pinaceae
FAMILY
- KingdomPlantae
- PhylumTracheophyta
- ClassPinopsida
- OrderPinales
- FamilyPinaceae
「松」重定向至此。關於松姓，詳見「松姓」。 松科（学名：Pinaceae）是松柏纲松柏目的一科，常统称为松、松树，儘管在漢語中，其中不少種類被稱作“杉”，一般特點乃葉的形狀像針，防止水分大量被蒸發。而在一些氣候較不炎熱，約北緯40多度至60度的地方（如歐洲等），這類型植物亦為常見。松科有11屬約220-250種，主要分布在北半球。 目录 1 形态 2 分类 3 参考文献 4 外部連結 形态 扁平线形或针形的叶子，螺旋状互生，或在短枝上成簇生状；常雌雄同株；球花的雄蕊及具有胚珠的种鳞也均为螺旋状互生；雄球花的雄蕊具有2个药囊，雌球花的种鳞具有2个胚珠，种鳞背面的苞鳞和种鳞分离。 另外松樹的針葉並不是直接長在枝條上，而是著生在枝葉交接處的節狀葉枕上。每根松針的外圍都有着一層厚的角質層和一層蠟質外膜，這樣減少了松樹水分的喪失，也是松樹可以在乾燥環境下生存的原因之一。 松樹皮提煉的油也可製成燃料或芳香劑等，能用於殺菌、抗病毒、祛痰，幫助提神醒腦。 朝鲜冷杉（Abies koreana） 松樹的大孢子葉 分类 本科可分成若干亚科及属如下： 松亞科 Pinoideae 松属 Pinus（約115種） 雲杉亞科 Piceoideae 云杉属 Picea（約35種） 落叶松亚科 Laricoideae 银杉属 Cathaya（1種） 落叶松属 Larix（約14種） 黄杉属 Pseudotsuga（5種） 冷杉亚科 Abietoideae 冷杉属 Abies（約50種） 雪松属 Cedrus（2-4種） 金钱松属 Pseudolarix（1種） 油杉属 Keteleeria（3種） 长苞铁杉属 Nothotsuga（1種） 铁杉属 Tsuga（9種） 参考文献 ^ Pines - General Characteristics, Evolution And Classification, Life Cycle, Economic Importance, Bristlecone Pine, Pine Cones Read more: Pines - General Characteristics, Evolution And Classification, Life Cycle, Economic Importance, Bristlecone Pine, Pine Cones - Conifers, Fir, Plants, and Species - JRank Articles ^ Ecology and evolution of pine life histories Released:2012 Citation: Keeley, JE. 2012. Ecology and evolution of pine life histories. Annals of For
via GBIF · Kew POWO
Article
13 sectionsContents
- Description
- Evolution
- Fossil history
- Phylogeny
- Taxonomic history
- Genera
- Extant
- Extinct
- Defense mechanisms
- Constitutive defenses
- Induced defenses
- References
- External links
The Pinaceae, or pine family, are conifer trees or shrubs, including many of the well-known conifers of commercial importance such as cedars, firs, hemlocks, larches, pines, and spruces. The family is included in the order Pinales, formerly known as Coniferales. Pinaceae have distinctive cones with woody scales bearing typically two ovules, and are supported as monophyletic by both morphological trait and genetic analysis. They are the largest extant conifer family in species diversity, with between 220 and 250 species (depending on taxonomic opinion) in 11 genera, and the second-largest (after Cupressaceae) in geographical range, found in most of the Northern Hemisphere, with the majority of the species in temperate climates, but ranging from subarctic to tropical. The family often forms the dominant component of boreal, coastal, and montane forests. One species, Pinus merkusii, grows just south of the equator in Southeast Asia. Major centres of diversity are found in the mountains of southwest China, Mexico, central Japan, and California.
==Description==