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propionitrile
Sign in to saveAlso known as cyanoethane, ethyl cyanide, propanenitrile, propionic nitrile, propiononitrile, CH3CH2CN, EtCN, n-propanenitrile
Propionitrile, also known as ethyl cyanide and propanenitrile, is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH2CN. It is a simple aliphatic nitrile. The compound is a colourless, water-soluble liquid. It is used as a solvent and a precursor to other organic compounds.
Chemical data
- Formula
- C3H5N
- Molecular weight
- 55.08 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- propanenitrile
- SMILES
- CCC#N
- InChIKey
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- XLogP
- 0.2
- Polar surface area
- 23.8 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 0
- H-bond acceptors
- 1
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Wikidata facts
- Mass
- 55.042
Show 14 more facts
- chemical formula
- C₃H₅N
- canonical SMILES
- CCC#N
- Commons category
- Propionitrile
- NIOSH Pocket Guide ID
- 0530
- density
- 0.78
- melting point
- -92.89
- boiling point
- 97.14
- vapor pressure
- 35
- flash point
- 36
- solubility
- 11.9
- lower flammable limit
- 3.1
- ionization energy
- 11.84
- time-weighted average exposure limit
- 14
- electric dipole moment
- 4.05
via Wikidata · CC0
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Article
5 sectionsContents
- Production
- Applications
- Safety
- References
- External links
Propionitrile, also known as ethyl cyanide and propanenitrile, is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH2CN. It is a simple aliphatic nitrile. The compound is a colourless, water-soluble liquid. It is used as a solvent and a precursor to other organic compounds.
==Production== The main industrial route to this nitrile is the hydrogenation of acrylonitrile. It is also prepared by the ammoxidation of propanol (propionaldehyde can also be used instead):