R-loop
Sign in to saveAlso known as R-Loop Structures, R-Loop Structure
thumb|500px|Schematic representation of factors promoting R-loop formation and stabilization An R-loop is a three-stranded nucleic acid structure, composed of a DNA:RNA hybrid and the associated non-template single-stranded DNA. R-loops may be formed in a variety of circumstances and may be tolerated or cleared by cellular components. The term "R-loop" was given to reflect the similarity of these structures to D-loops; the "R" in this case represents the involvement of an RNA moiety.
Research
1,820 papers- R-loop-derived cytoplasmic RNA-DNA hybrids activate an immune response.Nature · 2023
- R-loop and diseases: the cell cycle matters.Molecular cancer · 2024
- Aberrant R-loop-mediated immune evasion, cellular communication, and metabolic reprogramming affect cancer progression: a single-cell analysis.Molecular cancer · 2024
- Helicases in R-loop Formation and Resolution.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2023
- R-loop-dependent promoter-proximal termination ensures genome stability.Nature · 2023
via PubMed
~7 min read
Article
9 sectionsContents
- History
- R-loop mapping
- R-loops ''in vivo''
- Regulation of R-loop formation and resolution
- Roles of R-loops in genetic regulation
- R-loops as genetic damage
- R-loops, introns and DNA damage
- See also
- References
thumb|500px|Schematic representation of factors promoting R-loop formation and stabilization An R-loop is a three-stranded nucleic acid structure, composed of a DNA:RNA hybrid and the associated non-template single-stranded DNA. R-loops may be formed in a variety of circumstances and may be tolerated or cleared by cellular components. The term "R-loop" was given to reflect the similarity of these structures to D-loops; the "R" in this case represents the involvement of an RNA moiety.
In the laboratory, R-loops can be created by transcription of DNA sequences (for example those that have a high GC content) that favor annealing of the RNA behind the progressing RNA polymerase. At least 100bp of DNA:RNA hybrid is required to form a stable R-loop structure. R-loops may also be created by the hybridization of mature mRNA with double-stranded DNA under conditions favoring the formation of a DNA-RNA hybrid; in this case, the intron regions (which have been spliced out of the mRNA) form single-stranded DNA loops, as they cannot hybridize with complementary sequence in the mRNA.