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Rangifer tarandus

Also known as caribou, reindeer

The reindeer or caribou (Rangifer tarandus) is a species of deer with circumpolar distribution, native to Arctic, subarctic, tundra, boreal, and mountainous regions of Northern Europe, Siberia, and North America. It is the only representative of the genus Rangifer. More recent studies suggest the splitting of reindeer and caribou (North American terminology). "All caribou and reindeer throughout the world are considered to be the same species, but there are 7 subspecies."

OverviewAI-generated

Rangifer tarandus, commonly known as caribou or reindeer, is a species of mammal in the family Cervidae. It is the only animal in the genus Rangifer. The taxon belongs to the kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, and order Artiodactyla. The scientific name was established by Linnaeus in 1758.

The species has a status of Vulnerable as recorded in 2016. Its range includes the United States and Canada. Observations of the animal are documented in various databases, with occurrence counts reaching 79,734. The gestation period is 228 days, and the longest observed lifespan is 21.8 years. The lineage dates back to about 620 thousand years ago.

Synthesized by Vinony from 39 facts across 9 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, iNaturalist, Encyclopedia of Life, Gbif Occ, IUCN Red List, iDigBio, WoRMS, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

Vulnerable

reindeer

Rangifer tarandus

SPECIES

KingdomAnimalia
PhylumChordata
ClassMammalia
OrderArtiodactyla
FamilyCervidae

Observations11,026

Observations recorded79,734

在瑞典拉普兰山谷中奔跑的驯鹿驯鹿（學名Rangifer tarandus），又名角鹿。是鹿科驯鹿属下的唯一一種動物。

via GBIF · IUCN

Museum specimens

Specimen records: 6,583
With media: 280
Family: Cervidae
Collections: UAM, CM, MSB, UWBM
Recorded in: United States, Canada

iDigBio →

Bird sounds

mating call, Hoof Clicking· United States· quality A
mating call, Hoof Clicking· United States· quality A
mating call, Hoof Clicking· United States· quality A
Hoof Clicking· United States· quality A

via Xeno-canto

~93 min read

Encyclopedic overview

47 sections

Contents

Description
Status
Naming
Evolution
Taxonomy
Naming and research on museum collections
Biological exploration expeditions
Reclassification
Ecotypes
Genetic, molecular, and archaeological evidence
Novel genetics-based clades
Species and subspecies
Physical characteristics
Antlers
Pelt
Heat exchange
Hooves
Size
Clicking sound
Eyes
Biology and behaviors
Seasonal body composition
Reproduction and life cycle
Social structure, migration and range
Ecology
Distribution and habitat
Diet
Predators
Other threats
Conservation
Current status
Boreal woodland caribou
Peary caribou
Relationship with humans
Indigenous North Americans
Indigenous Eurasians
Husbandry
History
Santa Claus
Mythology and art
Heraldry and symbols
See also
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
Caribou-specific links (North America)

Reindeer occur in both migratory and sedentary populations, and their herd sizes vary greatly in different regions. The tundra subspecies are adapted for extreme cold, and some are adapted for long-distance migration.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Rangifer tarandus” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.