Structure via PubChem · Public domain (PubChem)
retinal
Sign in to saveRetinal (also known as retinaldehyde) is a polyene chromophore. Retinal, bound to proteins called opsins, is the chemical basis of visual phototransduction, the light-detection stage of visual perception (vision).
Chemical data
- Formula
- C20H28O
- Molecular weight
- 284.4 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- 3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenal
- SMILES
- CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=O)C)C
- InChIKey
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- XLogP
- 6.2
- Polar surface area
- 17.1 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 0
- H-bond acceptors
- 1
- Formal charge
- 0
via PubChem
Wikidata facts
- Mass
- 284.214
- Image
- Retinal.png
Show 3 more facts
- chemical formula
- C₂₀H₂₈O
- Commons category
- Retinal
- canonical SMILES
- CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=O)C)C
via Wikidata · CC0
~9 min read
Article
10 sectionsContents
- Vitamin A metabolism
- Vision
- Opsins
- Visual cycle
- Microbial rhodopsins
- History
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Retinal (also known as retinaldehyde) is a polyene chromophore. Retinal, bound to proteins called opsins, is the chemical basis of visual phototransduction, the light-detection stage of visual perception (vision).
Some microorganisms use retinal to convert light into metabolic energy. One study suggests that approximately three billion years ago, most living organisms on Earth used retinal, rather than chlorophyll, to convert sunlight into energy. Because retinal absorbs mostly green light and transmits purple light, this gave rise to the Purple Earth hypothesis.