
Space Launch System
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The Space Launch System (SLS) is an American two-stage super heavy-lift expendable launch vehicle used by NASA. The primary launch vehicle for the Artemis program, SLS is designed to launch the four-person Orion spacecraft for missions to the Moon, on a trans-lunar injection trajectory. The rocket first launched on November 16, 2022, carrying the uncrewed Artemis I mission. Its first crewed launch was for the Artemis II lunar flyby on April 1, 2026, becoming the second launch vehicle to carry humans beyond low Earth orbit (LEO), after NASA's Saturn V of the Apollo program, and the third to ever be planned to fly humans past LEO, after the N1.
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Key facts
- Function
- Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
- Manufacturer
- Aerojet Rocketdyne Boeing Northrop Grumman United Launch Alliance
- Country of origin
- United States
- Project cost
- US$ 31.6 billion as of 2025 (excluding Orion)
- Cost per launch
- US$2.5 billion (excluding Orion)
- Cost per year
- US$2.6 billion ( FY 23) (excluding Orion)
- Height
- 98 m (322 ft)
- Diameter
- 8.4 m (27.6 ft)
- Mass
- 2,610,000 kg (5,750,000 lb)
- Stages
- 2½
- Maximum thrust
- 39 MN (8,800,000 lbf)
- Altitude
- 200 km (120 mi)
- Orbital inclination
- 28.5°
- Based on
- Ares V Delta IV Space Shuttle
- Comparable
- Energia Falcon Heavy Long March 9 N1 Saturn V Starship
- Status
- Active
- Launch sites
- Kennedy , LC-39B
- First flight
- November 16, 2022
via Wikipedia infobox
Official website

Space Launch System (SLS) - NASA
Combining power and capability, NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) rocket is part of NASA’s backbone for deep space exploration and Artemis.
nasa.gov →NASA explores the unknown in air and space, innovates for the benefit of humanity, and inspires the world through discovery. Technicians inside the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility at Kennedy Space Center in Florida install and test antennas on a solar array on Wednesday, March 20, 2024, for the agency’s Europa Clipper spacecraft. NASA’s future will continue to be a story of human exploration, technology, and science. We will go back to the Moon to learn more about what it will take to support human exploration to Mars and beyond. We will continue to nurture the development of a vibrant low-Earth orbit economy that builds on the work done to date by the International Space Station. NASA engineers will develop new technologies to improve air transport at home and meet the challenges of advanced space exploration. Our scientists will work to increase an understanding of our planet and our place in the universe. The Artemis II crew, from left: NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman and Christina Koch; CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hansen; and NASA astronaut Victor Glover pose for a group photo after viewing the Orion spacecraft in the well deck of the USS John P. Murtha, Saturday, April 11, 2026, in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California. When NASA opened for business on October 1, 1958, it accelerated the work already started on human and robotic spaceflight, and over the last 65 years it has continued to push the boundaries of aeronautics and space exploration. Now NASA is preparing to take humankind farther than ever before, as it helps to foster a robust commercial space economy near Earth, and pioneers further human and robotic exploration as we venture into deep space. NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover took a selfie with the Ingenuity helicopter, seen here about 13 feet from the rover. This image was taken by the WASTON camera on the rover’s robotic arm on April 6, 2021, the 46th Martian day, or sol, of the mission. Jared “Rook” Isaacman is the 15th Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. An entrepreneur and skilled pilot, Isaacman commanded Inspiration4, the first all-civilian orbital spaceflight aboard the Dragon spacecraft. The mission was a major milestone in commercial spaceflight. Matt Anderson is NASA’s deputy administrator. Anderson is a decorated Air Force command pilot in multiple aircraft with more than 5,000 flight hours, including more than 650 in combat. Throughout his 24-year Air Force career, he served on several senior U.S. Department of War staffs and commanded at multiple levels before retiring in 2021. Amit Kshatriya is NASA’s associate administrator. Kshatriya serves as the highest-ranking civil servant at the agency and as a senior advisor to the administrator. Kshatriya leads the agency’s 10 center directors, as well as the mission directorate associate administrators at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Align your talents with your passion and find out why NASA consistently is named a best place to work in the federal government. At NASA, you'll have an opportunity to work on unique and challenging projects that truly make an impact on humanity. Stay up-to-date on the latest news from NASA–from Earth to the Moon, the Solar System and beyond.
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Encyclopedic overview
The Space Launch System (SLS) is an American two-stage super heavy-lift expendable launch vehicle used by NASA. The primary launch vehicle for the Artemis program, SLS is designed to launch the four-person Orion spacecraft for missions to the Moon, on a trans-lunar injection trajectory. The rocket first launched in November 2022, carrying the uncrewed Artemis I mission. Its first crewed launch was for the Artemis II lunar flyby in April 2026, becoming the second launch vehicle to carry humans beyond low Earth orbit (LEO), after NASA's Saturn V of the Apollo program.
Development of SLS began in 2011 as a congressionally mandated replacement for the retiring Space Shuttle program and the cancelled Ares I and Ares V launch vehicles of the Constellation program, incorporating some hardware from both programs. Costing US$31.6 billion as of 2025, the project has been criticized for mismanagement, budget overruns, and delays, but ultimately succeeded in human spaceflight in 2026.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Space Launch System” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.