
Strombidae, commonly known as the true conchs, is a taxonomic family of medium-sized to very large sea snails in the superfamily Stromboidea, and the Epifamily Neostromboidae. The term true conchs, being a common name, does not have an exact meaning. It may generally refer to any of the Strombidae but sometimes is used more specifically to include only Strombus and Lambis. The family currently includes 31 extant, and 10 extinct genera.
conch shells
FAMILY
鳳凰螺科(學名:Strombidae)是一個中型至非常大型的海螺的科。它們都是海生的,分類在玉黍螺類支序之下。其下包括了鳳凰螺屬、蜘蛛螺屬及長鼻螺屬等。大部份物種都在以往的地質時代一直生存到現在。 目录 1 分佈 2 分類 3 形態及習性 4 跨步移動 5 參考文獻 6 外部連結 分佈 鳳凰螺科下的鳳凰螺屬有接近50個物種,其中38種分佈在印度洋-太平洋海域。[1] 在加勒比海則有6種鳳凰螺科。 分類 以下是根據組織蛋白H3基因及粒線體細胞色素C氧化酶亞單位I基因序列所排列的進化分支圖,當中顯示了鳳凰螺屬及蜘蛛螺屬32個物種,並大西洋、西太平洋及印度洋-太平洋海域物種的種系發生學關係:[2] 東太平洋/大西洋 雄雞鳳凰螺 女王鳳凰螺 乳白鳳凰螺 鷹翼鳳凰螺 秘魯鳳凰螺 Strombus galeus Strombus latus 金拳鳳凰螺 赤拳鳯凰螺 白心鳳凰螺 墨西哥鳳凰螺 紅袖鳳凰螺 緋袖鳳凰螺 皺唇鳳凰螺 駝背鳳凰螺 紅嬌鳳凰螺 蜘蛛螺屬 水字螺 駱駝螺 蜘蛛螺 牛角鳳凰螺 紫袖鳳凰螺 花斑鳳凰螺 花瓶鳳凰螺 小花瓶鳳凰螺 百肋鳳凰螺 脆鳳螺 黑嘴鳳凰螺 三齒鳳凰螺 水晶鳳凰螺 竹筍鳳凰螺 圓袖鳳凰螺 紡錘鳳凰螺 Strombus haemostoma 威爾森氏鳳凰螺 形態及習性 鳳凰螺科有長的眼柄、窄長的殼口及虹吸道。殼邊近前端呈鋸齒狀,稱為鳳凰螺缺刻,視乎不同物種有不同的顯現程度。大部份物種達到性成熟時,都會有喇叭狀的殼口。它們會在長及呈凝膠狀的股產卵。 鳳凰螺屬及蜘蛛螺屬有很多相似地方,如構造及繁殖等,但它們的殼各有不同。它們是草食性的,一般棲息在淺水礁及海草草地。[2] 跨步移動 鳳凰螺科並不像蝸牛般滑行,而是以其尖銳及呈鐮刀狀的蓋將身體向前推進。[3] 參考文獻 ^ Abbott, R.T. The genus Strombus in the Indo-pacific. Indo-Pacific Mollusca. 1960, 1 (2): 33–144. ^ 2.0 2.1 Latiolais J. M., Taylor M. S., Roy K. & Hellberg M. E. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of strombid gastropod morphological diversity (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2006, 41: 436–44. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.027. ^ Parker, G.H. The leaping of the stromb (Strombus gigas Linn.). J. Exp. Zool. 1922, 36: 205–9.
via GBIF
Strombidae, commonly known as the true conchs, is a taxonomic family of medium-sized to very large sea snails in the superfamily Stromboidea, and the Epifamily Neostromboidae. The term true conchs, being a common name, does not have an exact meaning. It may generally refer to any of the Strombidae but sometimes is used more specifically to include only Strombus and Lambis. The family currently includes 31 extant, and 10 extinct genera.
==Distribution== thumb|upright=1.1|A live scorpion conch (Lambis scorpius) in [[Mayotte. One can see the eyes as well as the scythe-shaped operculum. ]] thumb|upright=1.1|Live Conomurex decorus in [[La Réunion.]] thumb|upright=1.1|Live Lentigo lentiginosus in La Réunion. Strombid gastropods live mainly in tropical and subtropical waters. These animals are widespread in the Indo-West Pacific, where most species and genera occur. Nearly 40 of the living species that used to belong to the genus Strombus can be found in the Indo-Pacific region. They also occur in the eastern Pacific and Western Atlantic, and a single species can be found on the African Atlantic coast. Six species of strombids are found in the wider Caribbean region, including the queen conch Aliger gigas, the goliath conch Titanostrombus goliath, the hawk-wing conch Lobatus raninus, the rooster tail conch Aliger gallus, the milk conch Macrostrombus costatus, the West Indian fighting conch Strombus pugilis, and the Florida fighting conch Strombus alatus. Until recently, all of these species were placed in the genus Strombus, but now many species are being moved into new genera.
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