temperament
Sign in to saveIn psychology, temperament broadly refers to consistent individual differences in behavior that are biologically based and are relatively independent of learning, system of values and attitudes.
Temperament is the natural, inborn tendency that makes each person behave in consistent ways—like being naturally outgoing or cautious—independent of what they learn or believe. It matters because these built-in behavioral patterns influence how people interact with others and respond to their environment throughout their lives.
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Research
12,612 papers- Fearful Temperament and the Risk for Child and Adolescent Anxiety: The Role of Attention Biases and Effortful Control.ReviewClinical child and family psychology review · 2020Liu R, Bell MADOI: 10.1007/s10567-019-00306-z
- The role of temperament and character in the anxiety-depression spectrum among Korean adults.ReviewJournal of affective disorders · 2024Oh HS, Cloninger CRDOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.052
- Temperament and childhood obesity risk: a review of the literature.ReviewJournal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP · 2012Anzman-Frasca S, Stifter CA, Birch LLDOI: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e31826a119f
- COULD AFFECTIVE TEMPERAMENT PREDICT OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE SYMPTOM DIMENSIONS?Psychiatria Danubina · 2023Zengin İspir G, Özdel KDOI: 10.24869/psyd.2023.335
- Affective Temperament and Seasonality in Bipolar Disorder.Psychiatria Danubina · 2019Altınbaş K, İnce B, Gülöksüz SDOI: 10.24869/psyd.2019.106
- A physiological profile approach to animal temperament: How to understand the functional significance of individual differences in behaviour.ReviewProceedings. Biological sciences · 2022McMahon EK, Youatt E, Cavigelli SADOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2379
- [Temperament and alcoholic behavior in medical students].L'Encephale · 2021Elleuch S, Sellami R, Hentati S et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.05.018
- Child temperament and physical activity in young children.Child: care, health and development · 2023Yates J, Tucker P, Johnson AMDOI: 10.1111/cch.13098
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Article
28 sectionsContents
- Definition
- Classification schemes
- Temperament vs personality
- Main models
- Four temperaments model
- Rusalov-Trofimova neurophysiological model of temperament
- Endurance-related scales
- Scales related to speed of integration of behavior
- Scales related to type of orientation of behavior
- Emotionality scales
- Kagan's research
- Thomas and Chess's nine temperament characteristics
- Mary K. Rothbart's three dimensions of temperament
- Surgency/extraversion
- Negative affect
- Effortful control
- Others
- Causal and correlating factors
- Biological basis for temperament
- Temperament vs. psychiatric disorders
- Family life
- Influences
- Understanding for improvement
- Determination of temperament type
- See also
- References
- Additional References
- External links
In psychology, temperament broadly refers to consistent individual differences in behavior that are biologically based and are relatively independent of learning, system of values and attitudes.
Some researchers point to association of temperament with formal dynamical features of behavior, such as energetic aspects, plasticity, sensitivity to specific reinforcers and emotionality. Temperament traits (such as neuroticism, sociability, impulsivity, etc.) are distinct patterns in behavior throughout a lifetime, but they are most noticeable and most studied in children. Babies are typically described by temperament, but longitudinal research in the 1920s began to establish temperament as something which is stable across the lifespan.