terbium

Also known as Tb, element 65, 65Tb

Terbium is a chemical element; it has symbol Tb and atomic number 65. It is a silvery-white, rare earth metal that is malleable and ductile. The ninth member of the lanthanide series, terbium is a fairly electropositive metal that reacts with water, evolving hydrogen gas. Terbium is never found in nature as a free element, but it is contained in many minerals, including cerite, gadolinite, monazite, xenotime and euxenite.

OverviewAI-generated

Terbium is a chemical element with the symbol Tb and atomic number 65. It was discovered in 1843. The element has a mass of 158.925354 and an electronegativity of 1.2. Its ionic radius is 1.04. The chemical formula is Tb, and its canonical SMILES representation is [Tb]. The Unicode character for terbium is 鋱.

In chemical databases, terbium is identified by the PubChem CID 23958. Its IUPAC name is terbium, and it has a molecular weight of 158.92535. The InChIKey for the substance is GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N. It has a topological polar surface area of 0, with zero hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, and a charge of 0.

Scientific literature regarding terbium includes 3,610 entries in PubMed. The subject is referenced by 798 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 23 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: Tb
Molecular weight: 158.92535 g/mol
IUPAC name: terbium
SMILES: [Tb]
InChIKey: GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

3,610 papers

Terbium radionuclides for theranostic applications in nuclear medicine: from atom to bedside.ReviewTheranostics · 2024Van Laere C, Koole M, Deroose CM et al.DOI: 10.7150/thno.92775
Terbium chloride influences Clostridium difficile spore germination.ReviewAnaerobe · 2019Shrestha R, Sorg JADOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.03.016
Terbium-161 in nuclear medicine: Preclinical and clinical progress in comparison with lutetium-177.ReviewNuclear medicine and biology · 2025Trejtnar F, Bárta P, Kozempel J et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2025.108998
Potential Biomedical Applications of Terbium-Based Nanoparticles (TbNPs): A Review on Recent Advancement.ReviewACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Mohanto S, Biswas A, Gholap AD et al.DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01969
Terbium Vanadate Nanowires-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Mercury Ions.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Wang X, Cong Q, Feng C et al.DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04882-x
Opportunities and potential challenges of using terbium-161 for targeted radionuclide therapy in clinics.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2023Müller C, van der Meulen NP, Schibli RDOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06316-y
Terbium-149 production: a focus on yield and quality improvement towards preclinical application.Scientific reports · 2024Favaretto C, Grundler PV, Talip Z et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53610-2
Thermoluminescence Characteristics of Copper and Terbium Co-Doped Lithium Tetraborate Glass.Radiation research · 2023El-Faramawy N, El-Kinawy M, Farouk S et al.DOI: 10.1667/RADE-23-00033.1

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Instance of: chemical element
Part of: period 6
Named after: Ytterby mine
Mass: 158.925354
Image: Terbium element.jpg

Show 15 more facts

element symbol: Tb
Commons category: Terbium
topic's main category: Category:Terbium
atomic number: 65
discoverer or inventor: Carl Gustaf Mosander
time of discovery or invention: 1843-01-01
location of discovery: Stockholm
Commons gallery: Terbium
described by source: Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition
canonical SMILES: [Tb]
chemical formula: Tb
Unicode character: 鋱
electronegativity: 1.2
ionic radius: 0.88
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4

Sources (5)

via Wikidata · CC0

~16 min read

Encyclopedic overview

15 sections

Contents

Characteristics
Physical properties
Chemical properties
Oxidation states
Compounds
Isotopes
History
Occurrence
Production
Applications
Safety
See also
References
Bibliography
External links

Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander discovered terbium as a chemical element in 1843. He detected it as an impurity in yttrium oxide (). Yttrium and terbium, as well as erbium and ytterbium, are named after the village of Ytterby in Sweden. Terbium was not isolated in pure form until the advent of ion exchange techniques.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “terbium” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.